Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in pre-schoolers: A report of two cases

Bhaskaran, T S Sowmya; Gaikwad, Achla Dagdu; Chandrakanth, Chaithra; Seshadri, Shekhar

doi:10.1016/j.ajp.2016.01.010

Cited by 3 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 4 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In their 2013 study on tsunami survivors also in Tamil Nadu, Rajkumar et al presented similar findings—participants scored significantly less on the avoidance subscale of the IES-R compared to the intrusion as well as hyperarousal subscales. While the two adolescents presented in the study (25, 26) were clinically diagnosed with PTSD following penetrative sexual abuse, no symptoms of avoidance were reported.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…While we identified an overwhelming majority of studies to give health assessments and overviews of the problem (n = 38), we found few studies to provide solutions. For the studies that do report some form of intervention, the most commonly mentioned interventions were some form of psychosocial support (n = 8) (25, 41, 44, 47, 52, 62, 63, 65). Referring to the study of Becker (41) investigating the impact of psychosocial care on women survivors of the 2004 tsunami, the intervention consisted of receiving emotional support, learning relaxation techniques, discussing means of improved livelihood, and encouragement to speak about their experiences.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Play therapy was described as a highly effective form of treatment for PTSD in children who had experienced sexual abuse. Bhaskaran et al (25, 26) described a weekly play therapy intervention in which trauma narratives were elicited through art or play material. The intervention focused on the expression of emotions and personal safety skills training (25).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bhaskaran et al (25, 26) described a weekly play therapy intervention in which trauma narratives were elicited through art or play material. The intervention focused on the expression of emotions and personal safety skills training (25). Yoga was another non-conventional intervention that was applied to reduce PTSD symptoms and distress among different populations of natural disaster survivors (45, 61, 81).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

The Cross-Cultural Validity of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Post-Traumatic Stress Symptoms in the Indian Context: A Systematic Search and Review

Gilmoor¹,

Adithy²,

Regeer³

2019

Front. Psychiatry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: The cross-cultural validity of the construct of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has been a life-long debate in the field of trauma. Its validation in a setting such as India—a nation prone to considerably traumatic events such as conflict, natural disasters, and sexual violence against women—warrants exploration. Objective: To describe how PTSD and post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) are conceptualized in the Indian context by systematically examining the evidence of studies that investigate PTSD and PTSS in India. Methods: A systematic search in PubMed, Web of Science, and Science Direct yielded a total of 56 studies that discussed one or multiple aspects of PTSD and PTSS in India. Data relating to types of events, populations, diagnostic tools, manifestations, and interventions were extracted and analyzed. Results: Eleven of 29 Indian states and 2/7 union territories were represented in the 56 included studies, with most studies (n = 21) originating from Tamil Nadu. Natural Disasters (n = 28), War/Conflict (n = 10), and Medical conditions (n = 7) were the top three most commonly investigated traumatic events. The majority of studies focused on entire communities (n = 16), while children and adolescents made up the second largest group (n = 14). Less attention was paid explicitly to male (n = 3) or female (n = 4) victims. Twenty-five different methods for screening for PTSD were identified, with the most common being the impact of events scale (n = 14). The majority of studies reported the screening and clinical diagnosis of PTSD by professional health care providers (n = 24). Abuse scored the highest average prevalence of PTSD at 52.3%, while the lowest was 16.4% due to man-made accidents. Overall, there was a lack of assessment on trauma-specific interventions, though psychosocial support was the most commonly mentioned intervention. Conclusions: Results indicate diversity in approaches for identifying, measuring, and treating PTSD and PTSS in the Indian population and how sociocultural norms influence its manifestation in this population. Future research calls for the development of culturally sensitive approaches to identifying and addressing PTSD and PTSS in India.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The Cross-Cultural Validity of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Post-Traumatic Stress Symptoms in the Indian Context: A Systematic Search and Review

Gilmoor¹,

Adithy²,

Regeer³

2019

Front. Psychiatry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…At present, most of the literature on trauma in India has focused on natural disasters, such as the 2004 tsunami that hit Tamil Nadu (Baddam John, Russell, & Russell, 2007;Bhushan & Kumar, 2012;Kar, Krishnaraaj, & Rameshraj, 2013), and ongoing conflict and civil unrest in the Kashmir region (Bhat & Rangaiah, 2015;Bhushan & Kumar, 2012;Kar et al, 2013). A few studies have focused on injury due to road accidents (Seethalakshmi, Dhavale, Gawande, & Dewan, 2006), intimate partner violence (Tichy, Becker, & Sisco, 2009), exposure to murder and death (Raju, 2005) and sexual abuse (Bhaskaran, Gaikwad, Chandrakanth, & Seshadri, 2016). Less attention has been paid in the Indian literature to other events that may also be considered traumatic (Pillai, Mehta, & Chaudhari, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“If somebody could just understand what I am going through, it would make all the difference”: Conceptualizations of trauma in homeless populations experiencing severe mental illness

Gilmoor

Vallath

Regeer

et al. 2020

Transcult Psychiatry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Exposure to violence, vulnerability due to lack of shelter, alienation due to stigma, the experiences of severe mental illness (SMI) and subsequent institutionalization, make homeless persons with SMI uniquely susceptible to trauma exposure and subsequent mental health consequences. This study aims to contribute to the development of culturally sensitive interventions for identifying and treating trauma in a population of homeless persons with SMI in Tamil Nadu, India by understanding the manifestations of trauma and its associated consequences in this population. Free-listing exercises followed by in-depth interviews were conducted with a convenience sample of 26 user-survivors who have experienced homelessness or were at risk of homelessness, and suffered from SMI. Topics explored included events considered to be traumatic, pathways to trauma, associated emotional, physical and social complaints, and coping strategies. Results indicate discrepancies in classification of traumatic events between user-survivors and the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. Traumatic experiences, particularly relating to social relationships and poverty, mentioned by user-survivors did not match traditional conceptualizations of trauma. Positive coping strategies for trauma included being mentally strong, knowledge and awareness, whereas the main negative coping strategy is avoidance. User-survivors attributed their experiences of homelessness and SMI to past traumas. Differing views of trauma between user-survivors and mental health professionals can lead to misdiagnosis and under-recognition of trauma in this population of homeless persons with SMI.

show abstract

Hey Stress, I Stress to De-Stress Me from Distress: A Study on Indian Police Constables

Vijayadurai

Subburaj

2017

J. Mgt. Mkt. Review

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective - What are the work-related issues which contribute to police constables stress? How do police constables get rid of their stress? Because stress and copings are the two most important factors that influence work-related wellbeing. This paper aims to understand the theoretical framework of police stress and coping procedures. The ideas that make up this system can be used in the appraisal, intervention, and assessment of the police stress reaction and the coping forms utilised after stressful situations. Methodology/Technique - 492 Tamil Nadu state police constables were chosen randomly. Information was gathered utilising two self-report questionnaires which include questionnaire related to police stress and coping strategies. Researcher measured the reliability and validity of the multiple-item research scales by analysing the measurement model using confirmatory factor analysis. Correlation analysis investigative the relationship between police stress and coping strategies, it found that it was positive and significant. Further, the researcher used the SEM approach to testing the relationship between police stress and coping strategies. Findings – SEM approach concludes that overall police stress influences self-supported emotional focused coping strategies positively and that overall police stressors have a positive impact on social supported emotional focused coping strategies. Furthermore, there is a positive impact on overall stress and problem-focused coping and avoidant coping strategies. Novelty - The outcomes can be utilised to help researchers and policy makers foresee police work execution and aid government consider police's identity attributes. Type of Paper - Empirical Keywords: Police Stress, Coping Strategies, Active Copings, Emotional Copings, Tamilnadu Police. JEL Classification: J24, J28.

show abstract

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in pre-schoolers: A report of two cases

Cited by 3 publications

References 4 publications

The Cross-Cultural Validity of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Post-Traumatic Stress Symptoms in the Indian Context: A Systematic Search and Review

The Cross-Cultural Validity of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Post-Traumatic Stress Symptoms in the Indian Context: A Systematic Search and Review

“If somebody could just understand what I am going through, it would make all the difference”: Conceptualizations of trauma in homeless populations experiencing severe mental illness

Hey Stress, I Stress to De-Stress Me from Distress: A Study on Indian Police Constables

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About