Post‐traumatic stress disorder predicts future weight change in the Millennium Cohort Study

LeardMann, Cynthia A.; Woodall, Kelly A.; Littman, Alyson J.; Jacobson, Isabel G.; Smith, Besa; Wells, Timothy S.; Crum-Cianflone, Nancy F.

doi:10.1002/oby.21025

Cited by 34 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Perceived stress and exposure to violence have been associated with a higher prevalence of unhealthy behaviors such as smoking and alcohol use . In addition, negative psychological factors related to violence, such as depression and PTSD, have been linked to tobacco consumption, weight gain, physical inactivity, and adverse cardiac outcomes . In our study we observed a higher prevalence of unhealthy behaviors (smoking history and obesity) in women exposed to violence compared with those not exposed.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 50%

“…31,32 In addition, negative psychological factors related to violence, such as depression and PTSD, have been linked to tobacco consumption, weight gain, physical inactivity, and adverse cardiac outcomes. [33][34][35][36][37][38][39] In our study we observed a higher prevalence of unhealthy behaviors (smoking history and obesity) in women exposed to violence compared with those not exposed. Displayed unhealthy behaviors might reveal another potential mechanism that links exposure to violence and cardiovascular health.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

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Exposure to Violence and Carotid Artery Intima‐Media Thickness in Mexican Women

Flores-Torres

Lynch

López‐Ridaura³

et al. 2017

JAHA

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BackgroundViolence against women has become a global public health threat. Data on the potential impact of exposure to violence on cardiovascular disease are scarce.Methods and ResultsWe evaluated the association between exposure to violence and subclinical cardiovascular disease in 634 disease‐free women from the Mexican Teachers' Cohort who responded to violence‐related items from the Life Stressor Checklist and underwent measures of carotid artery intima‐media thickness in 2012 and 2013. We defined exposure to violence as having ever been exposed to physical and/or sexual violence. Intima‐media thickness was log‐transformed, and subclinical carotid atherosclerosis was defined as intima‐media thickness ≥0.8 mm or plaque. We used multivariable linear and logistic regression models adjusted for several potential confounders. Mean age was 48.9±4.3 years. Close to 40% of women reported past exposure to violence. The lifetime prevalence of sexual violence was 7.1%, and prevalence of physical violence was 23.5% (7.7% reported both sexual and physical violence). Relative to women with no history of violence, exposure to violence was associated with higher intima‐media thickness (adjusted mean percentage difference=2.4%; 95% confidence interval 0.5, 4.3) and subclinical atherosclerosis (adjusted odds ratio=1.60; 95% confidence interval 1.10, 2.32). The association was stronger for exposure to physical violence, especially by mugging or physical assault by a stranger (adjusted mean % difference=4.6%; 95% confidence interval 1.8, 7.5, and odds ratio of subclinical carotid atherosclerosis=2.06; 95% confidence interval 1.22, 3.49).ConclusionsExposure to violence, and in particular assault by a stranger, was strongly associated with subclinical cardiovascular disease in Mexican middle‐aged women.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 50%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Exposure to Violence and Carotid Artery Intima‐Media Thickness in Mexican Women

Flores-Torres

Lynch

López‐Ridaura³

et al. 2017

JAHA

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The association between childhood ALEs and obesity is also observed across the lifespan (Richardson, Dietz, & Gordon‐Larsen, ). In military samples, the Millennium Cohort Study (LeardMann et al, ) revealed that a positive PTSD screen predicted ≥10% weight gain at follow‐up. However the PTSD screen does not specify the timing and nature of trauma exposure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Childhood adverse life events, disordered eating, and body mass index in US Military service members

Bakalar

Barmine

Druskin

et al. 2018

Intl J Eating Disorders

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“…In addition, individuals who endure highly stressful life events often alter their lifestyle choices in a way that would affect cardiovascular health 30. Traumatic life events have been associated with higher chances of smoking, gaining weight, physical inactivity, and elevated CVD risk 10, 11, 31, 32. Pregnancy loss and CVD could also be potentially linked by shared risk factors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Posttraumatic stress disorder along with other stress‐related mental health disorders are associated with incident CVD 8. Abnormal neuroendocrine responses and unhealthy behaviors triggered by highly stressful life events appear to underlie this relation 9, 10, 11…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pregnancy Loss and Carotid Intima–Media Thickness in Mexican Women

Hartasanchez

Flores-Torres²,

Monge³

et al. 2018

JAHA

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BackgroundCardiovascular disease in women often develops without conventional risk factors. Prenatal loss is a common pregnancy outcome that may result in physiological changes can increase the potential future risk of cardiovascular disease. Insufficient information exists regarding the impact of pregnancy loss on early markers of cardiovascular disease risk.Methods and ResultsCross‐sectional analysis of 1767 disease‐free women from the MTC (Mexican Teachers' Cohort) who had been pregnant was used to evaluate the relationship between pregnancy loss and carotid intima–media thickness (IMT). Participants responded to a questionnaire regarding their reproductive history, risk factors, and medical conditions. We defined pregnancy loss as history of miscarriage and/or stillbirth. Trained neurologists measured IMT using ultrasound. We log‐transformed IMT and defined subclinical carotid atherosclerosis (SCA) as IMT ≥0.8 mm and/or plaque. We used multivariable linear and logistic regression models to assess the relation of pregnancy loss, IMT, and SCA. The mean age of participants was 49.8±5.1 years. The prevalence of pregnancy loss was 22%, and we observed SCA in 23% of participants. Comparing participants who reported a pregnancy loss and those who did not, the multivariable‐adjusted odds ratio for SCA was 1.52 (95% confidence interval, 1.12–2.06). Women who experienced a stillbirth had 2.32 higher odds (95% confidence interval, 1.03–5.21) of SCA than those who did not. Mean IMT appeared to be higher in women who reported a pregnancy loss relative to those who did not; nevertheless, this was not statistically significant.ConclusionsPregnancy loss could be linked to cardiovascular disease later in life. The key findings of our study await confirmation and further investigation of the potential underlying mechanisms for this association is required.

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Post‐traumatic stress disorder predicts future weight change in the Millennium Cohort Study

Cited by 34 publications

References 35 publications

Exposure to Violence and Carotid Artery Intima‐Media Thickness in Mexican Women

Exposure to Violence and Carotid Artery Intima‐Media Thickness in Mexican Women

Childhood adverse life events, disordered eating, and body mass index in US Military service members

Pregnancy Loss and Carotid Intima–Media Thickness in Mexican Women

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