Post‐traumatic stress in survivors of an airplane crash‐landing: A clinical and exploratory research intervention

Sloan, Patrick

doi:10.1002/jts.2490010208

Cited by 78 publications

(40 citation statements)

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“…Further, our study of these survivors indicates that psychological consequences may remain after 10 years. Our results in Study 1 were nearly the same as those of the Kegworth air disaster [8], but provided a striking contrast to Sloan's result [9], in which most passengers recovered in only a few months. However, the disaster reported by Sloan was a non-fatal accident, and all passengers belonged to the same college sport club.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

“…Those who saw injured or dead people at the scene, sustained less severe injuries, or were under 35 years of age were significantly more likely to develop PTSD. Sloan [9] followed-up 30 survivors of a nonfatal airplane crash and found high levels of stress in the following months.The Garuda Indonesia air disaster in Japan occurred in 1996. Three passengers died and 108 were injured.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Longitudinal Psychological Effects of the Garuda Indonesia Air Disaster in Japan

Maeda

Uchimura

2008

Kurume Med. J.

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INTRODUCTIONTransportation accidents on land, in the air, or at sea form an important class of technological disasters [1,2]. Air disasters in particular can produce a greater number of victims at one time than other forms of transportation. Because air disasters often have a high mortality rate, there are few systemic studies on the psychosocial consequences of air disaster survival on passengers, in contrast to rescue workers [3][4][5] or community residents [6,7]. One of the most systematic surveys of surviving passengers was conducted after the Kegworth air disaster, in which 47 people died. Gregg et al. [8] assessed 68 of the 79 survivors at a clinical interview within one year after the disaster. Twenty-seven survivors had posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in the first year, and 9 of this group also met DSM-III-R criteria for major depression. Those who saw injured or dead people at the scene, sustained less severe injuries, or were under 35 years of age were significantly more likely to develop PTSD. Sloan [9] followed-up 30 survivors of a nonfatal airplane crash and found high levels of stress in the following months.The Garuda Indonesia air disaster in Japan occurred in 1996. Three passengers died and 108 were injured. A mental health care service team was organized after the disaster in cooperation with mental health experts (i.e., psychiatrists, clinical psychologist, nurses, and social workers) of Fukuoka Prefecture and the Department of Psychiatry at Kurume University. We planned a prospective study of general health and psychological symptoms related to the disaster among the survivors. This study was carried out at six months (first examination) and one year (second examination) after the disaster. Members of the study team visited the homes or offices of survivors, and interviews were conducted in an outreach setting. This was the first psychological intervention study of the survivors of an air accident in Japan. Initially we assumed that psychological effects would decrease at one year after the disaster. However, there was no improvement in symptoms, such as vehicle phobias or mental health, at the time of the second examination. A retrospective follow-up study was conducted ten years after the disaster, consisting of a mail survey on general health and psychological symptoms that was almost identical to the one used in the first examina- Kurume Medical Journal, 55, 1-6, 2008 Original Contribution Summary: We examined the general health and psychological symptoms among survivors of the 1996 Garuda Indonesia air disaster in Japan. We conducted a prospective study 6 months and 1 year (Study 1) after the disaster. A retrospective follow-up study was performed ten years after the disaster (Study 2). The mean score on the 28-Item General Health Questionnaire was 6.5 (SD=6.9) 1 year after the disaster. Those who witnessed the death of an acquaintance in the disaster were classified into the high risk group. In Study 2, more than one-third of respondents complained of a flying phobia. These fi...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal Psychological Effects of the Garuda Indonesia Air Disaster in Japan

Maeda

Uchimura

2008

Kurume Med. J.

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“…One study found a significant decline from 54% in the first month after an airplane crash-landing in Alabama to 10-15% one year after the disaster (Sloan, 1988). Similarly, rapid declines in the prevalence of PTSD over time were documented after the USS Iowa gun turret explosion (Ursano et al 1995), the Piper Alpha oil rig disaster (Alexander, 1993), and the Lockerbie disaster (Scott et al 1995).…”

Section: Studies Of Technological Disastersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Post-traumatic stress disorder following disasters: a systematic review

2007

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“…Riddell and Clouse (2004) describe a second reason for why a temporary object is needed as a protective shield in the face of trauma. A radically-altered sense of the relationship between self and others occurs in the immediate aftermath of catastrophic events, oftentimes characterized by feelings of detachment or estrangement from others (Sloan, 1988), and a sense of time having changed and the event or oneself feeling unreal (Marmar et al, 1994;Cardena & Spiegel, 1993). On the other hand, desperate efforts to rescue others are sometimes observed.…”

Section: Emotional Traumamentioning

confidence: 99%

The ‘First Wave’: Earliest Intervention in Peritraumatic Processes among Survivors of Catastrophic Events

Riddell¹,

Clouse²

2017

Int J Emerg Ment Health

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Post‐traumatic stress in survivors of an airplane crash‐landing: A clinical and exploratory research intervention

Abstract: Post-traumatic stress in 30 male survivors of an airplane crash-landing was studied through interviews and questionnaires based on a nonpathological

Cited by 78 publications

References 11 publications

Longitudinal Psychological Effects of the Garuda Indonesia Air Disaster in Japan

Longitudinal Psychological Effects of the Garuda Indonesia Air Disaster in Japan

Post-traumatic stress disorder following disasters: a systematic review

The ‘First Wave’: Earliest Intervention in Peritraumatic Processes among Survivors of Catastrophic Events

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