Post-vitreoretinal Surgery Strabismus—A Review

Abstract

Vitreoretinal surgery has long been recognized as a significant cause of secondary strabismus. These cases can be difficult to manage due to the previous surgery and the altered status of the visual function. External scleral buckling procedures are most commonly associated with its development; however recent research shows that pars plana vitrectomy procedures also have a risk of causing the condition. Many factors may play a role in the development of the strabismus: mechanical, extraocular muscle changes, local anesthetic administration, and sensory alteration. Treatment options include occlusion, prisms, botulinum toxin, and surgery. Vitreoretinal surgeons should be aware of the distinct of strabismus development following surgery. With increased recognition, the condition can be managed more effectively.

Ocular movement disorders following scleral buckling surgery: A case series study

“…Theodossiadis et al.’s study mentioned a rapid movement dysfunction in one third of their patients following SBS, most of whom had undergone cryotherapy 12 . Several studies proposed cryotherapy as a possible cause of tearing and detachment of muscles during surgery or in the postoperative period 20, 21. In this study, all seven patients underwent cryotherapy during SBS and had no serious side effect and complication.…”

Observation on the Curative Effect of Microsurgery in 154 Children with Strabismus and Analysis of Its Influencing Factors

“…Surgical correction is an effective method to treat strabismus. Successful surgical correction of children's eye position can prevent the deepening of retinal inhibition scotoma, thus improving the binocular monocular function of children with strabismus [ 7 , 8 ]. In the past, strabismus correction operations were mostly carried out under direct vision, which can achieve good results, but it is easy to cause damage to surrounding tissues, with more bleeding and more postoperative complications.…”