Post-weaning Exposure to High-Fat Diet Induces Kidney Lipid Accumulation and Function Impairment in Adult Rats

Abstract

Aim: We investigated the kidney morphofunctional consequences of high-fat diet intake since post-weaning in adult rats. Main Methods: Male Wistar rats were divided into two groups: ND (normal diet; n = 10) and HD (high-fat diet; n = 10). The high-fat diet was introduced post-weaned and animals were followed for 8 weeks. Key Findings: HD group did not change body weight gain even though food consumption has decreased with no changes in caloric consumption. The HD group showed glucose intolerance and insulin resistance. The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was decreased in vivo (ND: 2.8 ± 1.01; HD: 1.1 ± 0.14 ml/min) and in the isolated perfusion method (34% of decrease). Renal histological analysis showed a retraction in glomeruli and an increase in kidney lipid deposition (ND: 1.5 ± 0.17 HD: 5.9 ± 0.06%). Furthermore, the high-fat diet consumption increased the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 (ND: 1,276 ± 203; HD: 1,982 ± 47 pg/mL/mg) and IL-1b (ND: 97 ± 12 HD: 133 ± 5 pg/mL/mg) without changing anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. Significance: Our study provides evidence that high-fat diet consumption leads to renal lipid accumulation, increases inflammatory cytokines, induces glomeruli retraction, and renal dysfunction. These damages observed in the kidney could be associated with an increased risk to advanced CKD in adulthood suggesting that reduction of high-fat ingestion during an early period of life can prevent metabolic disturbances and renal lipotoxicity.

Association of Kidney Function Tests with a Cardio-Ankle Vascular Index in Community-Dwelling Individuals with a Normal or Mildly Decreased Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate

“…This role might be due to the renal lipid accumulation and the increases in inflammatory cytokines. High fat consumption diet induces glomeruli retraction and renal dysfunction [19]. Unfortunately, the data on the diet of the individuals were not available in our study and we suggest that future studies contain information about the participants’ high fat consumption diet and consider it as an important covariate in their analysis.…”

Amylin deposition activates HIF1α and 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2, 6-biphosphatase 3 (PFKFB3) signaling in failing hearts of non-human primates

“…1) consistent with the infiltrative cardiovascular diseases of the whole heart 50 , characterized by significant reduction in EF and fractional shortening (systolic dysfunction), wider QRS, shortened QT(c) interval, increased LVDP, LVSP, EDV, ESV, and LV mass, and decreased +dp/dt max, -dp/dt max ( Table 1). It is known that high-fat diet negatively affects multiple organs and tissues such as the aorta 67 , heart 68 , lungs 69 , livers 70 , brain 71 , kidneys 72 , and pancreas 73 . Consistent with the previous findings, we observed lipid accumulation in the aorta, arteriopathy in the aorta, brain, lung as well as other major organs, vacuolation in the liver, hyperplasia in the pancreatic islets, mononuclear cells infiltration, and glomerulopathy in the kidneys in some of the HF NHPs treated with high-fat diet.…”

High‐Fat Diet Induced Hedgehog Signaling Modifications during Chronic Kidney Damage

“…This information corroborates with the former investigations regarding HFD in animal models, where HD groups showed up the lesser intake of respective diets, and an increase of body weight was not observed. Rather, statistically escalated adiposity was demonstrated [ 30 , 31 ]. Genetic, behavioral, physiological, and several other mechanisms work together to regulate body weight.…”