Post-weaning handling attenuates isolation-rearing induced disruptions of prepulse inhibition in rats

Krebs-Thomson, Kirsten; Giracello, Darlene R.; Solis, Arturo; Geyer, Mark A.

doi:10.1016/s0166-4328(00)00374-0

Cited by 47 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…When the animals, even isolated, were handled three times a week, the PPI deficit was not detected. Our results agree with the reports of Krebs-Thomson et al (14), which show that post-weaning handling of isolation-reared rats disrupts the PPI deficit. In that study the isolated animals were handled daily, held around the torso area and brought up to the handler's chest for 10 s. Our study shows that handling the isolated animals just three times a week by .…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 94%

“…Confirming previous literature results (12,14), ten weeks of post-weaning social isolation induced a PPI deficit. However, this deficit was found only in animals that had received minimal handling (once a week).…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…These include rat strain (7), development stage (8), duration of isolation (9), which should be continuous (10), cage type (11) and test sequence (12). Care methods could also potentially prevent some of the behavioral changes induced by social isolation (13,14) and it has recently been suggested that postweaning handling can attenuate deficits in PPI induced by isolation rearing (14). This could be an important confounding variable when assessing the effects of isolation on PPI, since rats are frequently manipulated during routine cage cleaning.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To be effective, there is no need of a specialized type of handling as outlined above (14), a minimal of routine handling is sufficient to counteract the deleterious effects of isolation on the sensorimotor gating. Taken together, the present findings indicate that the combined use of the isolation rearing and prepulse inhibition may be a useful animal model for studying the sensorimotor gating deficiency characteristic of schizophrenia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Routine post-weaning handling of rats prevents isolation rearing-induced deficit in prepulse inhibition

Rosa

Silva

Moura-de-Carvalho

et al. 2005

Braz J Med Biol Res

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Rats reared under isolation conditions from weaning present a number of behavioral changes compared to animals reared under social conditions (group housing). These changes include deficits in prepulse inhibition (PPI) of the startle reflex to a loud sound. PPI refers to the reduction of the magnitude of the startle reflex when a relatively weak stimulus (the prepulse) precedes by an appropriate time interval the intense startle-elicing stimulus (the pulse). PPI is useful for studying sensorimotor integration. The present study evaluated the effect of handling on the impairment of PPI induced by isolation-rearing. Male Wistar rats (N = 11-15/group) were housed in groups (5 per cage and handled three times a week) or isolated (housed individually) since weaning (21 days) for 10 weeks when they reach approximately 150 g. The isolated rats were divided into "minimally handled" animals (handled once a week for cleaning purposes only) or "handled" animals (handled three times a week). This handling consisted of grasping the rat by the tail and moving it to a clean cage (approximately 5 s). A statistically significant reduction (52%) in the PPI test was found only in the isolated group with minimal handling while no difference was seen between grouped animals and isolated handled animals. These results indicate that isolation rearing causes disruption in the PPI at adult age, which serves as an index of attention deficit. This change in the sensory processing of information induced by postweaning isolation can be prevented by handling during the development of the animal.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Routine post-weaning handling of rats prevents isolation rearing-induced deficit in prepulse inhibition

Rosa

Silva

Moura-de-Carvalho

et al. 2005

Braz J Med Biol Res

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“…Nevertheless, the rats did receive extensive handling during the intervening period between perinatal PCP exposure and training and testing in the progressive ratio procedure and it is possible that this handling may have differentially improved motivational functioning. Indeed, handling has been shown to attenuate responses to isolation rearing (Krebs- Thomson et al 2001) and to stress (Meaney et al 1991 for review). Finally, it is possible that the progressive ratio procedure may not represent an adequately sensitive model of avolition such as that observed in schizophrenia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progressive ratio performance following challenge with antipsychotics, amphetamine, or NMDA antagonists in adult rats treated perinatally with phencyclidine

Wiley

Compton

2004

Psychopharmacology

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Rationale-Previous research has shown that rats exposed perinatally to phencyclidine (PCP) exhibited neuroanatomical abnormalities and altered cognition. In addition to cognitive deficits, schizophrenic patients may also exhibit negative symptoms such as lack of motivation.Objectives-In this study, we used a progressive ratio (PR) schedule of food reinforcement to assess motivation following early exposure to PCP.Methods-Male rat pups were injected SC with 10 mg/kg PCP on postnatal days (PN) 7, 9, and 11. On PN 120, they began training in a PR 5 schedule of food reinforcement.Results-Significant PCP effects on acquisition and baseline performance were not noted. After acquisition of the task, challenges with PCP, dizocilpine, amphetamine, haloperidol, and clozapine resulted in dose-dependent decreases in response rates of similar magnitudes in both groups. In rats that continued to respond at higher doses, PCP, dizocilpine, and clozapine failed to alter breakpoints. In contrast, a 5.6 mg/kg dose of amphetamine selectively increased breakpoints in PCP-treated rats, although very few rats responded at this dose. Haloperidol decreased breakpoints in most rats at nonsedating doses.Conclusions-These results suggest that a regimen of perinatal PCP administration sufficient to disrupt cognition did not alter motivation for food reinforcement, regardless of whether rats also received challenges with NMDA antagonists or antipsychotics. Interpretation of amphetamine's high dose effects on breakpoints was complicated by the failure of many rats to respond at this dose. Further research is needed to determine whether negative symptoms such as social withdrawal may be modeled within this neurodevelopmental approach to schizophrenia.

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A novel social fear conditioning procedure alters social behavior and mTOR signaling in differentially housed adolescent rats

Dawud

Loetz

Lloyd

et al. 2020

Developmental Psychobiology

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Stress-related disorders pose a major health problem, and those that involve social components are particularly problematic due to the necessity of a social structure for an ideal quality of life. Vulnerability to fear-related disorders such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and social anxiety disorder (SAD) is enhanced in individuals with histories of early life adversity (Maercker et al., 2013). Early emotional neglect (Solomon & Mikulincer, 2007) and early social adversity are particularly potent risk factors for anxiety disorders including SAD (Kertz, Sylvester, Tillman, & Luby, 2017). Social fear can profoundly and persistently impair the quality of an individual's functioning across many domains, as social interactions are a vital component of almost every aspect of life (Herman, 1992; Karatzias et al., 2017).

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Post-weaning handling attenuates isolation-rearing induced disruptions of prepulse inhibition in rats

Cited by 47 publications

References 19 publications

Routine post-weaning handling of rats prevents isolation rearing-induced deficit in prepulse inhibition

Routine post-weaning handling of rats prevents isolation rearing-induced deficit in prepulse inhibition

Progressive ratio performance following challenge with antipsychotics, amphetamine, or NMDA antagonists in adult rats treated perinatally with phencyclidine

A novel social fear conditioning procedure alters social behavior and mTOR signaling in differentially housed adolescent rats

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