Postcranial anatomy ofBonitasaura salgadoi(Sauropoda, Titanosauria) from the Late Cretaceous of Patagonia

Abstract

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A new giant titanosaur sheds light on body mass evolution among sauropod dinosaurs

“…The successive sister taxa of Lognkosauria are Notocolossus [16] and Bonitasaura (a titanosaur known from a juvenile mid-sized specimen [42,43]). In contrast with previous analyses [15,17,28], Lognkosauria is here recovered as a nonlithostrotian clade of titanosaurs. Lognkosaurians share three derived features found in the anterior caudal vertebrae: (1) the presence of a highly developed spinodiapophyseal lamina (ch.…”

Two Late Cretaceous sauropods reveal titanosaurian dispersal across South America

“…2c ). A similar small fossa is present in the anteriormost dorsal of Rapetosaurus 43 and the mid-posterior dorsal of Bonitasaura 44 . It differs from the condition seen in Lirainosaurus and Neuquensaurus , in which the posdf is well developed and faces more posteriorly.…”

“…It is proximodistally elongate and less robust than in Futalognkosaurus 32 or Opisthocoelicaudia 60 . The distal end is markedly expanded, as in several derived forms (e.g., Rapetosaurus 43 , Bonitasaura 44 , Muyelensaurus 37 ). The ilium of the specimen CRILAR-Pv 613 resembles the ilium of other derived titanosaurians, such as Rapetosaurus and Bonatitan 65 .…”

“…The femur is straight, with the fourth trochanter placed at the proximal third (Fig. 4c, d ), as in Uberabatitan 13 , Patagotitan 2 , Bonitasaura 44 , and Futalognkosaurus 32 , whereas in Rinconsaurus 59 , Muyelensaurus 37 , and Diamantinasaurus 63 it is located in the middle third. The humerus-to-femur length ratio in Bravasaurus is 0.75, similar to Opisthocoelicaudia , higher than Neuquensaurus and Saltasaurus , but lower than Patagotitan and Epachthosaurus .…”

Forelimb musculature and osteological correlates in Sauropodomorpha (Dinosauria, Saurischia)

“…One possible osteological correlate for the origin of this muscle in basal sauropodomorphs is the transversely expanded dorsal tip of neural spines among the cervicodorsal transition. This feature is present in examined specimens of crocodiles ( Caiman , Crocodylus ) and birds ( Struthio , Sarcoramphus ) and is also widely distributed among basal sauropodomorphs such as Ruehleia bedheimensis (MB.R 4718–42), Plateosaurus engelhardti (MB.R 4404–24), Plateosauravus cullinworthy (SAM-K3345), and Melanorosaurus readi (NMQR 3314), and also in the titanosaur sauropod Bonitasaura salgadoi (Fig 4 in [ 60 ]) ( Fig 7 ). In other sauropods there is an increase in striation of the tips of neural spines through posterior cervical vertebrae (e.g.…”