“…Secondly, AIS can attack individual rights in overt and covert manners as will be shown in this paper. Such attacks may affect primarily, but not only, rights enshrined in the EU Charter and the ECHR, such as the rights to respect for private and family life, 25 to protection of personal data, 26 to freedom of expression and information, 27 to freedom of thought, to conscience and religion, 28 to rights of liberty and security, 29 to the right to a fair 25 1998)., Article 8. In the case of Privacy International CJEU decided that national legislation requiring providers of electronic communications services to disclose traffic data and location data to the security and intelligence agencies by means of general and indiscriminate transmission exceeds the limits of what is strictly necessary and cannot be considered to be justified, within a democratic society (See Judgment of the Court (Grand Chamber) [35] of 6.10.2020, Privacy International, Case C-623/17, ECLI:EU:C:2020:790).…”