Posterior auricular muscle—a useful adjunct in otoplasty

Azad, S.; Edwin, Ajin; Kumar, Pavan

doi:10.1016/s0007-1226(03)00309-6

Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Guyuron and DeLuca described a linear relationship between the insertion of the posterior auricular muscle and ear projection 5 . More recently, techniques involving transposition of the insertion of the muscle have been described 6 7 However, the employment of this muscle as a landmark in otoplasty (whilst leaving its insertion intact) has not previously been documented.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The posterior auricular muscle: a useful anatomical landmark for otoplasty

Stephen

Lowrie

2017

J. Laryngol. Otol.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The posterior auricular muscle: a useful anatomical landmark for otoplasty

Stephen

Lowrie

2017

J. Laryngol. Otol.

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“…21 In principle, this technique corrects valgus of the concha and underfolding of the antihelix. Azad et al 22 have combined transposition with anterior conchal scoring and concha-mastoid sutures. Anterior transposition of the posterior auricular muscle has been found to be a useful adjunct in our hands.…”

Section: Commentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variability of the Postauricular Muscle Complex

Guerra

Metzinger

et al. 2004

Archives of Facial Plastic Surgery

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Background: The postauricular area is often explored by reconstructive and otologic surgeons. We previously reported on the use of postauricular tissues as a graft for wrapping hydroxyapatite implants in orbital reconstruction. This procedure reduced the incidence of implant exposure, while achieving acceptable cosmetic results. Although much is known about the postauricular area, muscle and fascial relationships and potential variations in anatomy remain ill defined. Objectives: To identify and analyze variations in the patterns of the postauricular muscle complex (PMC) and to study the relationships of the fascial contributions from the components that make up the PMC. Methods: Dissections were performed using 40 fresh specimens. Muscular and fascial components of the PMC were dissected, analyzed, and photographed. Results: The PMC receives contributions from the occipitalis and trapezius muscles, the deep temporal and sternocleidomastoid fasciae, and the superior and posterior auricular and platysma muscles. Major contributors to the PMC were present in every specimen. Minor contributors were more variable in their presence and contributions. The posterior auricular muscle was identified as having several muscle bundles in 1 specimen and absent in 2 specimens (5%). The occipitalis fascia was seen to insert superior to the auricle and to blend with the deep temporal fascia in 3 cases (7%). The platysma muscle contributed to the PMC in 8 cases (20%). Conclusions: This study demonstrated important variations in the presence and contributions of 7 previously known muscular structures and their role in forming the PMC. Seven distinct patterns are identified, and the potential clinical implications of these anatomical variations are illustrated.

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“…PAM is associated with prominent ear deformities [2], and transposition of PAM can be used as an adjunct to otoplasty in valgus deformities of the concha [3].…”

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confidence: 99%