Posterior cingulate cortex/precuneus blood oxygen-level dependent signal changes during the repetition of an attention task in meditators and nonmeditators

Rodrigues, Diego B. G.; Lacerda, Sheylla Nadjane Batista; Balardin, Joana Bisol; Chaim, Khallil Taverna; Portes, Bruna; Sanches, Liana Guerra; Radvany, João; Sato, João Ricardo; Mello, Luiz E.; Amaro, Edson; Kozasa, Elisa Harumi

doi:10.1097/wnr.0000000000001133

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…These results suggest that participants with high‐mastery goals were dissatisfied with the no‐choice condition and task despite receiving a positive reward. It can be assumed that they engaged in the task for the choice condition rather than the low‐mastery goal‐oriented group because the precentral gyrus and right cingulate were activated under the CS–NCS contrast, and these regions are associated with visuospatial attention (Carlson & Reinke, 2010; Rodrigues et al, 2018), Stroop task performance (Kerns et al, 2004), and word processing (Seghier & Price, 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Choice on Task Performance and Reward Awareness: A Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study

Han¹

2021

Mind Brain and Education

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Providing a choice is desirable and helpful to learning motivation and task processing. This study explored how choice and achievement goals affect motivation and reward awareness using the functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) technique. Twenty‐four college students participated in this study, in which a 2 × 2 factorial design (choice/no choice × reward/no reward) was used in association with a verbal frequency task involving the selection of the more frequent word between two presented words. In the within‐group analyses, participants showed activation of the medial frontal gyrus in the choice condition regardless of the reward types. The brain activation patterns differed depending on the level of achievement. Overall, providing a choice is beneficial to students in terms of performing a task and processing their reward. It is important to consider an individual's achievement goal when providing choices as a strategy to motivate a learner.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Choice on Task Performance and Reward Awareness: A Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study

Han¹

2021

Mind Brain and Education

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“…However, due to the particular characteristics of CCH training as mentioned in the Introduction section, we speculated that CCH training mainly facilitated the attention process through meditation-related mechanisms rather than visual spatial processes in PCC. Indeed, this study found that CCH training benefitted attention based on behavioral measures and a recently study also found that the main brain activity difference was in PCC between meditators and nonmeditators when performing an attention task [51].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term Chinese calligraphic handwriting reshapes the posterior cingulate cortex: A VBM study

Chen

Yang

et al. 2019

PLoS ONE

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As a special kind of handwriting with a brush, Chinese calligraphic handwriting (CCH) requires a large amount of practice with high levels of concentration and emotion regulation. Previous studies have showed that long-term CCH training has positive effects physically (induced by handwriting activities) and psychologically (induced by the state of relaxation and concentration), the latter of which is similar to the effects of meditation. The aim of this study was to investigate the long-term CCH training effect on anxiety and attention, as well as brain structure. Participants were 32 individuals who had at least five years of CCH experience and 44 controls. Results showed that CCH training benefited individuals’ selective and divided attention but did not decrease their anxiety level. Moreover, the VBM analysis showed that long-term CCH training was mainly associated with smaller grey matter volumes (GMV) in the right precuneus/posterior cingulate cortex (PCC). No brain areas showed larger GMV in the CCH group than the control group. Using two sets of regions of interest (ROIs), one related to meditation and the other to handwriting, ROI analysis showed significant differences between the CCH and the control group only at the meditation-related ROIs, not at the handwriting-related ROIs. Finally, for the whole sample, the GMV of both the whole brain and the PCC were negatively correlated with selective attention and divided attention. The present study was cross-sectional and had a relatively small sample size, but its results suggested that CCH training might benefit attention and influence particular brain structure through mental processes such as meditation.

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“…The regions of interest for the trFC analysis were located in brain regions with significant task effects, including the default mode network (DMN), cognitive control network (CCN), and language network, consisting of the angular gyrus, supramarginal gyrus, precuneus, cingulate gyrus, frontal lobe, temporal lobe, and hippocampus. 8,25,35,36 The seed region for the gPPI analysis was the hippocampus, as we focused on hippocampal malfunction. 8,19 Confounders, including head motion, outlying scans, the effect of modules, and BOLD signals inside white matter or central cerebrospinal fluid, were regressed out.…”

Section: Functional Connectivity Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Abnormal functional connectivity profiles predict drug responsiveness in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy

et al. 2021

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Objective: This work was undertaken to study the functional connectivity differences between non-seizure-free and seizure-free patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) and to identify imaging predictors for drug responsiveness in TLE. Methods:In this prospective study, 52 patients with TLE who presented undetermined antiseizure medication responsiveness and 55 demographically matched healthy controls were sequentially recruited from Xiangya Hospital. Functional magnetic resonance imaging data were acquired during a Chinese version of the verbal fluency task. The patients were followed up until the outcome could be classified. The subject groups were compared in terms of activation profile, taskresidual functional connectivity (trFC), and generalized psychophysiological interaction (gPPI) analyses. Moreover, we extracted imaging characteristics for logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic evaluation.Results: With a mean follow-up of 1.1 years, we identified 27 non-seizure-free patients and 19 seizure-free patients in the final analyses. The Chinese character verbal fluency task successfully activated the language network and cognitive control network (CCN) and deactivated the default mode network (DMN). In the non-seizure-freedom group, the trFC between the hippocampus and bilateral brain networks was attenuated (p < .05, familywise error corrected). For the gPPI analysis, group differences were mainly located in the precuneus, middle frontal gyrus, and inferior parietal lobule (p < .001, uncorrected; k ≥ 10). The regression model presented high accuracy when predicting non-seizure-free patients (area under the curve = .879, 95% confidence interval = .761-.998). Significance:In patients with TLE who would not achieve seizure freedom with current antiseizure medications, the functional connectivity between the hippocampus and central nodes of the DMN, CCN, and language network was disrupted, leading to language decline. Independent of hippocampal sclerosis, abnormalities, especially the effective connectivity from the hippocampus to the DMN, were predictive biomarkers of drug responsiveness in patients with TLE.

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Posterior cingulate cortex/precuneus blood oxygen-level dependent signal changes during the repetition of an attention task in meditators and nonmeditators

Cited by 7 publications

References 29 publications

The Effects of Choice on Task Performance and Reward Awareness: A Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study

The Effects of Choice on Task Performance and Reward Awareness: A Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study

Long-term Chinese calligraphic handwriting reshapes the posterior cingulate cortex: A VBM study

Abnormal functional connectivity profiles predict drug responsiveness in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy

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