Posterior Lobe of the Pituitary in Diabetes Insipidus

Fujisawa, Ichiro; Nishimura, K; Asato, Reinin; Togashi, Kaori; Itoh, Kyo; Noma, Satoshi; Kawamura, Yasutaka; Sago, Tadashi; Minami, Shunsuke; Nakano, Yoshihisa; Itoh, Harumi; Torizuka, K

doi:10.1097/00004728-198703000-00004

Cited by 154 publications

(76 citation statements)

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“…The signal intensity of the posterior lobe on T1-weighted image is believed to re¯ect the content of neurosecretory granules containing AVP (13). Furthermore, it is known that this hyperintense signal may disappear in situations characterised by AVP depletion, such as diabetes insipidus (14) or in the case of persistent AVP hypersecretion (15).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urinary aquaporin-2 excretion in nocturnal enuresis

Radetti

Paganini

Rigon

et al. 2001

European Journal of Endocrinology

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Objective: To evaluate the role of the arginine vasopressin (AVP)±aquaporin-2 (AQP-2) axis in the pathogenesis of nocturnal enuresis. Study participants: Twelve children (seven male and ®ve female), aged 11X6^4X3 (6.7±15.6) years, suffering from primary monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis and 12 healthy children, matched for sex and age. Enuretic children were further subdivided into responders and non-responders to treatment with 1-desamino-8-d-AVP (DDAVP). Methods: Serum concentrations of AVP, and plasma and urine osmolality were measured at night (0100, 0400 and 0700 h), together with nocturnal urinary excretion of AQP-2 (2000±0800 h). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the pituitary gland was carried out to evaluate the amount of AVP stored in the posthypophysis. Results: Mean AVP serum concentrations were similar in patients and controls. Urinary AQP-2 was also similar in patients and controls, but responders had a signi®cantly lower level of AQP-2 than non-responders P , 0X005X Plasma osmolality was greater in patients than in controls P , 0X001Y whereas urinary osmolality was similar in both groups. No difference in the ratio of the signal intensity of the posterior lobe of the hypophysis to that of the pons (AVP content) was found between patients and controls or between responders and non-responders. Conclusion: A decreased urinary excretion of AQP-2 is associated with, and seems to have a role in, nocturnal enuresis, at least in some children, and this could also explain why only some of them respond to DDAVP treatment.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urinary aquaporin-2 excretion in nocturnal enuresis

Radetti

Paganini

Rigon

et al. 2001

European Journal of Endocrinology

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“…In addition, this characteristically high signal intensity is markedly decreased by the depletion of AVP in disorders such as CDI [10,33,34]. In a previous study, we concluded that the high signal intensity in the posterior lobe in T1-weighted images in normal dogs was caused by AVP stored at the site, and there was a significant correlation between the plasma AVP concentrations and the SI ratio in the posterior lobe [37].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Central Diabetes Insipidus after Transsphenoidal Surgery in Dogs with Cushing's Disease

Teshima

Hara

Taoda

et al. 2011

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. Transsphenoidal surgery (TSS) is an effective treatment for canine Cushing's disease, as well as human Cushing's disease. In humans, only the pituitary adenoma tissue is resected by TSS. However, in dogs, the whole pituitary including normal tissue is resected. Hence, central diabetes insipidus (CDI) may complicate the postoperative course in almost all dogs with Cushing's disease treated by TSS. However, it is difficult to assess the duration of the postoperative CDI, and whether it may be transient or permanent. In this study, postoperative CDI in 21 dogs with Cushing's disease and its predicted prognosis by preoperative parameters was investigated. In this study, CDI after TSS was classified as either transient or permanent based on the requirement for desmopressin. Preoperative circulating serum cortisol concentrations and pre-and post-operative plasma AVP concentrations were not significantly different between the transient CDI dogs and permanent CDI dogs. The duration of postoperative CDI was not correlated to the signal intensity ratio (posterior lobe of the pituitary/cerebral cortex), which is obtained from preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). However, the pituitary height/brain area (P/B) ratio of the permanent CDI dogs was significantly greater than that of the transient CDI dogs. In addition, there was a significant difference between the enlarged-pituitary (P/B ratio > 0.31) transient CDI dogs and the permanent CDI dogs. These results suggest that the incidence of postoperative permanent CDI is strongly influenced by the pituitary size.KEY WORDS: arginine vasopressin, dog, magnetic resonance image, pituitary tumor, signal intensity.

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“…In clinical medicine, T1-weighted MR images are used as a diagnostic procedure for diabetes insipidus. The absence of high SI in the pituitary posterior lobe on T1-weighted images indicates that the patients may have central diabetes insipidus [9]. Comparison of the SI ratios of the pituitary posterior lobe between the PDH and control groups demonstrated that the PDH group had a significantly lower SI ratio.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Assessment of Pituitary Posterior Lobe Displacement in Dogs with Pituitary-Dependent Hyperadrenocorticism

Taoda

Hara

Masuda

et al. 2011

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. The displacement and signal intensity (SI) of the pituitary posterior lobe were evaluated on T1 weighted magnetic resonance (MR) images in 28 dogs with pituitary dependent hyperadrenocorticism (PDH). Compared with normal dogs, the posterior lobe was displaced dorsally in the pituitary of the PDH dogs. Correlation between the pituitary height/brain area (P/B) ratio and the displacement of the posterior lobe in the PDH dogs suggests that dorsal displacement of the posterior lobe increases in accordance with enlargement of the pituitary. As to the SI of the posterior lobe, the PDH dogs showed significantly lower SI in comparison to the normal dogs. Taken together, these results suggest that assessment of the displacement and SI of the posterior lobe of the pituitary on T1-weighted MR images is useful for the diagnosis of pituitary adenoma. In pituitary microadenoma that presents no apparent tumorigenesis on MRI, evaluation of these values may be useful for diagnosis and selection of an appropriate therapy.KEY WORDS: hyperadrenocorticism, MRI, pituitary posterior lobe, signal intensity.

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Posterior Lobe of the Pituitary in Diabetes Insipidus

Cited by 154 publications

References 0 publications

Urinary aquaporin-2 excretion in nocturnal enuresis

Urinary aquaporin-2 excretion in nocturnal enuresis

Central Diabetes Insipidus after Transsphenoidal Surgery in Dogs with Cushing's Disease

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Assessment of Pituitary Posterior Lobe Displacement in Dogs with Pituitary-Dependent Hyperadrenocorticism

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