Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome and COVID-19: A series of 6 cases from Lombardy, Italy

Colombo, Antonio; Boneschi, Filippo Martinelli; Beretta, Sandro; Bresolin, Nereo; Versino, Maurizio; Lorusso, Lorenzo; Spagnoli, D.; Nastasi, Giulia; Vallauri, Davide; Rota, S.; Repaci, Maria; Ferrarini, Massimo; Pozzato, Mattia; Cariddi, Lucia Princiotta; Damavandi, Payam Tabaee; Carimati, Federico; Banfi, Paola; Clemenzi, Alessandro; Marelli, Margherita; Giorgianni, Andrea; Vinacci, Gabriele; Mauri, Marina; Melzi, Paola; Stefano, Maria Di; Tetto, Antonio; Canesi, Margherita; Salmaggi, Andrea

doi:10.1016/j.ensci.2020.100306

Cited by 18 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“… Present NR NR P2/F/64 Princiotta et al, and Colombo et al 7. , 8. Hypertensive Present Present Absent Mechanical ventilation NR MRI brain consistent with PRES Present NR Discharged P3/M/58 Kishfy L et al 29 Hypertensive Absent Present NR Mechanical ventilation Tocilizumab T2 FLAIR hyperintensity involving subcortical occipital and temporal white matter.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… NR Absent Discharged P22/M/74 Gómez-Enjuto S et al 40 Hypertensive Present Present Present NR Carfilzomib T2 FLAIR hyperintensities frontalparietal and occipital subcortical areas. NR NR Discharged P23/M/54 Colombo A et al 8 Hypertensive Present Absent Present Mechanical ventilation NR MRI brain consistent with PRES NR NR Discharged P24/F/63 Colombo A et al 8 Hypertensive Present Present Present Mechanical ventilation IL-1 antagonist MRI brain consistent with PRES NR NR Discharged P25/M/64 Colombo A et al 8 Normotensive Present Present Present Mechanical ventilation NR Symmetric white matter alterations, mainly occipital lobes. No enhancement.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…No enhancement. Present NR Discharged P26/M/68 Colombo A et al 8 Hypertensive Present Present Absent Mechanical ventilation NR MRI brain consistent with PRES NR NR Discharged P27/F/57 Colombo A et al 8 Hypertensive Present Absent Present Non-invasive ventilation NR MRI brain consistent with PRES NR NR Discharged P28/F/43 Santos de Lima F et al 41 Normotensive Absent Present Present Mechanical ventilation NR 1st MRI-Area of hyperintensity in the splenium. 2nd MRI- extensive T2/FLAIR hyperintensity in bilateral cererbal hemispheres with mild sulcal enhancement, and gyroform restricted diffusion in right temporooccipito-parietal region.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Brain MRI findings in COVID-19 patients with PRES: A systematic review

et al. 2022

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Background Numerous case reports and case series have described brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) findings in Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients with concurrent posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES). Purpose We aim to compile and analyze brain MRI findings in patients with COVID-19 disease and PRES. Methods PubMed and Embase were searched on April 5th, 2021 using the terms “COVID-19”, “PRES”, “SARS-CoV-2” for peer-reviewed publications describing brain MRI findings in patients 21 years of age or older with evidence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and PRES. Results Twenty manuscripts were included in the analysis, which included descriptions of 30 patients. The average age was 57 years old. Twenty-four patients (80%) required mechanical ventilation. On brain MRI examinations, 15 (50%) and 7 (23%) of patients exhibited superimposed foci of hemorrhage and restricted diffusion respectively. Conclusions PRES is a potential neurological complication of COVID-19 related disease. COVID-19 patients with PRES may exhibit similar to mildly greater rates of superimposed hemorrhage compared to non-COVID-19 PRES patients.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Brain MRI findings in COVID-19 patients with PRES: A systematic review

et al. 2022

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“…Database search recovered 37 unique articles describing PRES and COVID‐19, of which five were excluded after abstract review. The remaining 32 articles underwent full text review; 22 articles met all inclusion criteria and contained detailed clinical information on 32 individuals with PRES and COVID‐19 [6–27]. All cases reported MRI findings consistent with a diagnosis of PRES (Table 1).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Persistent visual dysfunction following posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome due to COVID‐19: Case series and literature review

Hixon

Thaker

Pelak

2021

Euro J of Neurology

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A growing body of literature has documented the effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection on the central nervous system (CNS), which can range from mild anosmia and dysgeusia to encephalopathy, large vessel strokes, and other reported conditions [1]. Whereas some sequelae appear to be due to direct CNS infection, others may be an indirect effect of the infection-induced severe systemic inflammatory response [1]. Of concern, an increasing number of people with COVID-19, across the spectrum of disease severity, report persistent neurological symptoms weeks to months after the clearance

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“…Treatment with an anti-epileptic drug improved her symptoms. Some cases of PRES have been reported to occur in patients with COVID-19 infection ( 3 , 4 ). While the mechanism underlying this association is unclear, the combination of disordered cerebrovascular autoregulation and inflammation has been considered to play a role ( 2 ).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%