“…Ensuring public safety has traditionally been met in medicine and nursing through the development of accredited, evidence-based training methods and subspecialty certifications (American Nurses Credentialing Center [ANCC], 2017; Styles, Schumann, Bickford, & White, 2008;Ziem, 1977). Development of evidence-based postgraduate NP specialty training and evaluation methods ensuring patient safety has not kept pace with the increased demands for ONP care as well as subspecialty NP practice in general (Benham, & Geier, 2014;Bush, 2014;Day, Boden, Knott, O'Rourke, & Yang, 2016;Sciacca, & Reville, 2016). Additionally, the utilization of subspecialty NPs has grown faster than the NP profession's ability to standardize and regulate subspecialty NP practices through the certification and accreditation process (Coombs, 2015).…”