Hydrogen sulphide (H 2 S) has emerged as a potential regulator of plant defence against different abiotic stresses. As a climacteric fruit, banana undergoes oxidative stresses shortly after harvest, resulting in faster ripening and senescence. This work examines the effects of vacuum infiltrated H 2 S on ripening inhibition of banana.• Banana fruits were vacuum infiltrated with 1 mM H 2 S. Effects on oxidative stress markers, physiological changes, bioactive compounds and antioxidant potentials were examined during storage at 25 °C and 75-80% RH.• Results indicate that treated fruits were less affected by oxidative stress, as evident by lower accumulation of ROS (superoxide and peroxide ions), elevated phenols content and antioxidant capacity. The ripening inhibitory effects of H 2 S delayed chlorophyll loss and reduced ethylene and CO 2 production. H 2 S infiltration also reduced MDA accumulation and electrolytic leakage, resulting in longer shelf life.• Vacuum infiltration with H 2 S had a protective effect on postharvest banana through overcoming the deleterious effect of ROS and strengthening antioxidant potential. Thus, this method could be promising for enhanced preservation of banana during storage.