Posthatching Water and Feed Deprivation Affect the Gastrointestinal Tract and Intestinal Mucosa Development of Broiler Chicks

Maiorka, Alex; Santín, Elizabeth; Dahlke, Fabiano; Boleli, Isabel Cristina; Furlan, Renato Luís; Macari, Marcos

doi:10.1093/japr/12.4.483

Cited by 75 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Therefore, it would be expected that yolk nutrients were utilized more quickly by fasted chicks than by fed chicks, allowing young chicks to maintain their physiological functions. However, similarly to the observations of Baião & Cançado (1998), and Maiorka et al (2003), no difference in yolk sac weight due to fasting was observed in the present study, indicating that feed ingestion after hatching is essential for chick body growth and organ development. Negative effects of the post-hatching food and water deprivation on liver weight were also reported by Donaldson & Christensen (1991) and Maiorka (2002).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Influence of sex, age, and fasting on blood parameters and body, bursa, spleen and yolk sac weights of broiler chicks

Pires

Malheiros

Boleli

2007

Rev. Bras. Cienc. Avic.

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The effects of water and feed fasting for 24, 48 and 72 hours posthatching on blood parameters (mean corpuscular volume, MCV; red blood-cell, RBC; hematocrit, HCT; hemoglobin, HGB; plasma glucose, CGP; plasma total protein, PP, and differential leukocytes count), and on body, liver, spleen, bursa, and yolk sac weights were analyzed. Erythrogram data were obtained with a blood cell counter. Total plasma protein and plasma glucose were determined by using the Bradford method (1976) and a glucose PAP liquiform kit (Labtest, cat. n. 84), respectively. Specific leukocyte counts were carried out on blood smears stained with Rosenfeld solution. According to the obtained data, water and feed post-hatching fasting reduced MCV values, which also were lower in males than that in females. Fasting for 48 hours promoted an increase in PP, while fasting for 72 hours reduced HCT. Chicks submitted to fasting presented lower body weights as compared to fed chicks, but their liver weight did not increase between 48 and 72 hours of age. Fasting decreased spleen weight, but bursa and yolk sac weight were not affected. Data showed that female and male chicks react in a similar way to post-hatching fasting, which affects body weight, liver and spleen weight, and HCT and PP values. Moreover, 72 hours of fasting affected more intensely HCT and MCV values.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Influence of sex, age, and fasting on blood parameters and body, bursa, spleen and yolk sac weights of broiler chicks

Pires

Malheiros

Boleli

2007

Rev. Bras. Cienc. Avic.

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“…According to Maiorka et al (2003), the development of intestinal mucosa results primarily from two associated cytological events: cellular renewal (mitosis) and cell loss (extrusion). When animals have a higher cell renewal of the intestinal mucosa they have a greater crypt depth due to hyperplasia, as a result of the high mitotic activity (HANCOCK et al, 1990).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance and Carcass Yield of Broilers Fed Increasing Levels of Sunflower Cake

et al. 2017

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-This study aimed to evaluate the performance, carcass yield and intestinal morphometry of 1-to 21-day-old broiler chickens fed a diet containing increasing levels of sunflower cake, supplemented with or without an enzyme complex (EC). We used 1200 Cobb 500 birds, which were distributed in a completely randomized design in a 2x5 factorial scheme and five levels of sunflower cake inclusion (0, 5, 10, 15, and 20%) in diets supplemented or not with EC. Each treatment consisted of 5 replicates. Animals were fed the experimental diets from 1 to 21 days of age and from 22 to 42 days all birds received the same feed based on corn and soybean meal. There was no interaction between the level of sunflower cake inclusion and presence of EC. From 1 to 21 days of age, the weight gain, final weight, and feed intake linearly decreased (P<0.05) with increasing sunflower cake inclusion level. At 42 days old, after animals consumed diets based on corn and soybean meal (from 22 to 42 days), the levels provided least 21 days did not influence the performance results. Animals receiving the EC in the first phase showed better results at the end of the experiment (P<0.05). Up to 21 days old, carcass yield decreased, and abdominal fat increased with the sunflower cake inclusion. The addition of EC in the diet improved the thigh, breast and carcass yield. Intestinal morphology after 21 days revealed that the three segments of the intestine had at least one type of change, such as a decrease in villus height and increase in crypt depth, with increased level of sunflower cake in the diet, affecting performance.Keywords: Alternative food. Poultry. Co-Products. Nutrition. Palavras-chaves: Alimento alternativo. Avicultura. Co-produtos. Nutrição. DESEMPENHO E RENDIMENTO DE CARCAÇA DE FRANGOS ALIMENTADOS COM NÍVEIS

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“…According to Maiorka et al (2003), animals with a higher intestine mucosa cell turnover have deeper crypts as a result of high mitotic activity and hyperplasia. Considering that the intestine mucosa grows continually due to cell desquamation to the intestine lumen, cell turnover occurs at the expenses of the consumption of nutrients derived from the bird organism energy reserves and the feed intake.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of starter diet supplementation with arginine on broiler production performance and on small intestine morphometry

et al. 2012

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The effects of starter diet (days 1 to 21) supplemented with arginine (Arg) on the production performance and duodenum and jejunum mucosa morphometry of broilers were studied. Male Cobb broiler chickens (990) were randomly assigned to one of ϐive treatments in a complete random design. Measurements of 33 chicks per treatment were made in six repetitions. The treatments consisted of a basal diet with 1.390% digestible Arg (no supplementation) and four dietary levels (1.490%, 1.590%, 1.690%, and 1.790%), providing a relationship with lysine of 1.103; 1.183; 1.262; 1.341 and 1.421%, respectively. From the age of 22 days on, all birds received conventional grower diet. The data were submitted to regression analysis by polynomial decomposition of the degrees of freedom in relation to the levels of Arg. The Arg supplementation increased (P<0.05) the live weight and the feed conversion ratio without increasing the feed intake of the birds. However, no effect was observed (P>0.05) in the growth phase (days 22 to 42) in the absence of the Arg supplementation. The supplementation of Arg over of NRC recommendation during the starter phase may be necessary for the expression of the maximal weight gain potential in birds. No effect (P<0.05) of Arg dietary supplementation was observed either on small intestine weight and length at any age. However, the duodenum villus:crypt ratio increased and the crypt depth decreased in the ϐirst week in response to increasing dietary Arg. It is concluded that broiler Arg dietary supplementation in the starter diet improved production performance and small intestine morphometry, especially in the ϐirst week.

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Posthatching Water and Feed Deprivation Affect the Gastrointestinal Tract and Intestinal Mucosa Development of Broiler Chicks

Cited by 75 publications

References 15 publications

Influence of sex, age, and fasting on blood parameters and body, bursa, spleen and yolk sac weights of broiler chicks

Influence of sex, age, and fasting on blood parameters and body, bursa, spleen and yolk sac weights of broiler chicks

Performance and Carcass Yield of Broilers Fed Increasing Levels of Sunflower Cake

Effects of starter diet supplementation with arginine on broiler production performance and on small intestine morphometry

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