Postmenopausal osteoporosis—Intervention and prophylaxis. A review

Rodysill, Kirk J.

doi:10.1016/0021-9681(87)90126-3

Cited by 14 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 133 publications

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“…Regarding the clinical significance of influences such as cigarette smoking on BMD, it is uncertain whether smoking causes loss of bone or fracture 62 ) . However, smoking may promote postmenopausal bone loss 63 ) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical activity and lifestyle effects on bone mineral density among young adults: sociodemographic and biochemical analysis

2015

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[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to assess the possible role of physical activities, calcium consumption and lifestyle factors in both bone mineral density and bone metabolism indices in 350 young adult volunteers. [Subjects and Methods] All volunteers were recruited for the assessment of lifestyle behaviors and physical activity traits using validated questioners, and bone mineral density (BMD), serum osteocalcin (s-OC), bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BAP), and calcium were estimated using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry analysis, and immunoassay techniques. [Results] Male participants showed a significant increase in BMD along with an increase in bone metabolism markers compared with females in all groups. However, younger subjects showed a significant increase in BMD, OC, BAP, and calcium compared with older subjects. Osteoporosis was more common in older subjects linked with abnormal body mass index and waist circumference. Bone metabolism markers correlated positively with BMD, physically activity and negatively with osteoporosis in all stages. Also, moderate to higher calcium and milk intake correlated positively with higher BMD. However, low calcium and milk intake along with higher caffeine, and carbonated beverage consumption, and heavy cigarette smoking showed a negative effect on the status of bone mineral density. Stepwise regression analysis showed that life style factors including physical activity and demographic parameters explained around 58–69.8% of the bone mineral density variation in young adults especially females. [Conclusion] body mass index, physical activity, low calcium consumption, and abnormal lifestyle have role in bone mineral density and prognosis of osteoporosis in young adults.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical activity and lifestyle effects on bone mineral density among young adults: sociodemographic and biochemical analysis

2015

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“…Estrogen replacement has been shown to slow bone demineralization and reduce fracture rates (Rodysill 1987). And as noted by Dawson-Hughes, for osteoporosis risk in Western industrialized countries at least, the loss of estrogen is the most important factor.…”

Section: Using Studies For Decision Makingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use and abuse of scientific studies

George

1992

J Agric Environ Ethics

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In response to Evelyn Pluhar's Who Can Be Morally Obligated to Be a Vegetarian? in this journal issue, the author has read all of Pluhar's citations for the accuracy of her claims and had these read by an independent nutritionist. Detailed analysis of Pluhar' s argument shows that she attempts to make her case by consistent misappropriation of the findings and conclusions of the studies she cites. Pluhar makes sweeping generalizations from scanty data, ignores causal explanations given by scientists, equates hypothesis with fact, draws false cause conclusions from studies, and in one case claims a conclusion opposite of what the scientist published. Such poor reasoning cannot be the basis of an argument for moral vegetarianism. A broader search of the literature and attention to reviews and textbooks in nutrition shows that each of Pluhar's claims is suspect or incorrect. Pluhar has not undermined my central claims: even if animals have certain rights and well-planned vegetarian diets are safe in complex industrialiZed societies, these diets cannot be so regarded if the presuppositions of high levels of wealth, education, and medical care do not exist; and, women, children, the aged and some ill persons are at greater risk on restrictive vegan diets. Thus, any duty of moral vegetarianism is not categorical but provisional in nature.

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“…Although osteoporosis in Turner's syndrome may represent an independent feature of chromosomal abnormality (2), it is thought that life-long estrogen deficiency may play a role in bone demineralization. In fact, estrogens are known to act on bone metabolism (4,5). In normal women, estrogen withdrawal due to surgical (6) or medical oophorectomy (7,8), (i.e.…”

Section: G Saggese Chair Of Preventive Pediatrics Department Of Pedmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In normal women, estrogen withdrawal due to surgical (6) or medical oophorectomy (7,8), (i.e. LH-RH analog treatment) and to physiological menopause (4,5 ) causes an accelerated bone loss with an increased rate of bone resorption rather than a decreased rate of bone formation (4,5). Bone biopsies in Turner's syndrome also showed that the predominant feature of bone morphology is an increased percentage of bone surface undergoing resorption while bone formation is not decreased (1).…”

Section: G Saggese Chair Of Preventive Pediatrics Department Of Pedmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Even though estrogen receptors in bone tissue have been demonstrated in osteoblast-like cells (9, lo), calcitonin is thought, at least in part, to be an indirect mediator of the estrogen effects on bone (4,5). Calcitonin is a potent anti-resorptive hormone, active at physiological concentration, which inhibits osteoclastic activity (1 1); therefore, calcitonin deficiency has been proposed as a pathogenetic factor in childhood (1 2, 13) and adulthood (14,15) osteoporosis.…”

Section: G Saggese Chair Of Preventive Pediatrics Department Of Pedmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment of thyroidal “C” cell secretion in osteoporotic girls with Turner's syndrome. Basal and calcium‐stimulated levels of total calcitonin, extractable calcitonin and katakalcin

et al. 1992

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Osteoporosis is a common finding in Turner's syndrome. To test the hypothesis that calcitonin deficiency may contribute to bone mineral loss in Turner's syndrome, we studied basal and calcium-stimulated (2 mg/kg body weight in 5 min) levels of total calcitonin, extractable calcitonin and katacalcin in 15 girls with Turner's syndrome and osteoporosis. Fifteen age-matched healthy girls were studied as controls. Both basal calcitonin (total and extractable) and katacalcin values were not significantly different in patients with Turner's syndrome in comparison with those of the controls. The calcium stimulation test showed a similar "C" cell secretory reserve in both groups. The calculation of delta CT/delta iCa of total and extractable calcitonin and delta KC/delta iCa, which accounts for individual variations in serum ionized calcium increases, did not show any significant difference between girls with Turner's syndrome and controls. We conclude that calcitonin deficiency is not a causative factor of osteoporosis in girls with Turner's syndrome and that in this syndrome long-life estrogen deficiency does not impair "C" cell secretory activity.

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Postmenopausal osteoporosis—Intervention and prophylaxis. A review

Cited by 14 publications

References 133 publications

Physical activity and lifestyle effects on bone mineral density among young adults: sociodemographic and biochemical analysis

Physical activity and lifestyle effects on bone mineral density among young adults: sociodemographic and biochemical analysis

The use and abuse of scientific studies

Assessment of thyroidal “C” cell secretion in osteoporotic girls with Turner's syndrome. Basal and calcium‐stimulated levels of total calcitonin, extractable calcitonin and katakalcin

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