Postmortem Intravascular High-density Fluid Level (Hypostasis): CT Findings

Shiotani, Seiji; Kohno, Mototsugu; Ohashi, Noriyoshi; Yamazaki, Kentaroh; Itai, Yuji

doi:10.1097/00004728-200211000-00006

Cited by 88 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Intravascular sedimentation can occur within 2 h post-mortem. 8,9 This distribution of intravascular hyperdensity can be helpful in identifying pulmonary thromboembolic disease on post-mortem CT assessment with thrombus appearing as intraluminal conglomerate casts of hyperdensity in non-dependent parts of the vessel.…”

Section: Post-mortem Changesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Post-mortem CT and MRI: appropriate post-mortem imaging appearances and changes related to cardiopulmonary resuscitation

Offiah¹,

Dean²

2016

BJR

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Post-mortem cross-sectional imaging in the form of CT and, less frequently, MRI is an emerging facility in the evaluation of cause-of-death and human identification for the coronial service as well as in assisting the forensic investigation of suspicious deaths and homicide. There are marked differences between the radiological evaluation and interpretation of the CT and MRI features of the live patient (i.e. antemortem imaging) and the evaluation and interpretation of postmortem CT and MRI appearances. In addition to the absence of frequently utilized tissue enhancement following intravenous contrast administration in antemortem imaging, there are a number of variable changes which occur in the tissues and organs of the body as a normal process following death, some of which are, in addition, affected significantly by environmental factors. Many patients and victims will also have undergone aggressive attempts at cardiopulmonary resuscitation in the perimortem period which will also significantly alter post-mortem CT and MRI appearances. It is paramount that the radiologist and pathologist engaged in the interpretation of such post-mortem imaging are familiar with the appropriate non-pathological imaging changes germane to death, the post-mortem interval and cardiopulmonary resuscitation in order to avoid erroneously attributing such changes to trauma or pathology. Some of the more frequently encountered radiological imaging considerations of this nature will be reviewed. INTRODUCTIONPost-mortem cross-sectional imaging assessment in the form of CT and, less frequently, MRI has become an emerging phenomenon in the UK to assist the coronial service in identifying the cause of death non-invasively in individuals where circumstances are non-suspicious or nonhomicidal but where appropriate recent medical history is not available. Such imaging has also become a versatile addition to the armoury available to the forensic pathologist and crime scene investigating (police) authorities in the evaluation of suspicious and homicidal causes of death.

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Section: Post-mortem Changesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Post-mortem CT and MRI: appropriate post-mortem imaging appearances and changes related to cardiopulmonary resuscitation

Offiah¹,

Dean²

2016

BJR

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“…One study reported that this phenomenon may be seen on imaging within 2 hours after death. 7 In a body that has remained in the supine position since death, high attenuation may be seen in the posterior sagittal sinus, straight sinus, and transverse sinuses. 6 Increased arterial attenuation is secondary to hemoconcentration, and this finding should not be mistaken for subarachnoid hemorrhage.…”

Section: Postmortem Imaging Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Common and Expected Postmortem CT Observations Involving the Brain: Mimics of Antemortem Pathology

Smith

Lattin

Berran³

et al. 2012

AJNR Am J Neuroradiol

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“…Diagnostic methods based on PMCTˆndings are somewhat established regarding causes of death and associated changes, 18,19 Magnetic Resonance in Medical Sciences changes after cardiopulmonary resuscitation, [20][21][22][23][24] and postmortem changes. [25][26][27] In addition, PMMRI also shows changes in signal intensity (SI) from low body temperature after death, 28,29 and we herein report some of theˆndings related to such changes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The Einstein-Stokes equation 34,25 expresses reduction of the diŠusion coe‹cient, D, on MR imaging in response to low temperature: D＝ kT/6phr, where k is the Boltzmann constant, T is the absolute temperature in degrees Kelvin, h is the viscosity of the medium, and r is the radius of the molecule. The apparent diŠusion coe‹cient (ADC) values reduce to approximately half of the normal values of an adult brain (Fig.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Postmortem Magnetic Resonance Imaging Dealing with Low Temperature Objects

Kobayashi

Isobe

Shiotani

et al. 2010

MRMS

Self Cite

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In Japan, the medical examiner system is not widespread, the rate of autopsy is low, and many medical institutions therefore perform postmortem imaging using clinical equipment. Postmortem imaging is performed to clarify cause of death, select candidates for autopsy, make a guide map for autopsy, or provide additional information for autopsy. Findings are classiˆed into 3 categories: cause of death and associated changes, changes induced by cardiopulmonary resuscitation, and postmortem changes. Postmortem magnetic resonance imaging shows characteristic changes in signal intensity related to low body temperature after death; they are low temperature images.

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Postmortem Intravascular High-density Fluid Level (Hypostasis): CT Findings

Abstract: Hypostasis is observed as an intravascular high-density fluid level on PMCT.

Cited by 88 publications

References 2 publications

Post-mortem CT and MRI: appropriate post-mortem imaging appearances and changes related to cardiopulmonary resuscitation

Post-mortem CT and MRI: appropriate post-mortem imaging appearances and changes related to cardiopulmonary resuscitation

Common and Expected Postmortem CT Observations Involving the Brain: Mimics of Antemortem Pathology

Postmortem Magnetic Resonance Imaging Dealing with Low Temperature Objects

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