Postnatal development of GABAergic axon terminals in the rat nucleus of tractus solitarius

Yoshioka, Masayuki; Tashiro, Yasura; Inoue, Kiyoharu; Kawai, Yoshinori

doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2006.06.004

Cited by 12 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…These findings support the report that spontaneous inhibitory activity in small cells can be recorded during the first postnatal week (Kawai and Senba, 2000b). Although we have not immunochemically identified small postsynaptic cells, the morphological features of the cell bodies indicate that they are small cells in the cNTS (Yoshioka et al, 2006a(Yoshioka et al, , 2006b. Moreover, the small cell size analyzed in our experiments was consistent with those in previous studies (Yoshioka et al, 2006a).…”

Section: Decrease In the Number Of Axosomatic Synapses On The Small Csupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Symmetric synaptic junctions of inhibitory synapses were observed on small cells in the cNTS, consistent with a previous analysis (Yoshioka et al, 2006b). It is possible that inhibitory axosomatic synapses could have stronger effects on the excitability of the postsynaptic cell (Erick et al, 2000).…”

Section: Decrease In the Number Of Axosomatic Synapses On The Small Csupporting

confidence: 82%

“…Identification of small cells in immunofluorescent preparations relies on calbindin immunoreactivity (Yoshioka et al, 2006b). Small cells in electron microscopy preparations were identified by morphological criteria, including a thin perikaryal cytoplasm around the nuclei (minimum thickness <1 lm) and a somal diameter <14 lm.…”

Section: Identification Of Astrocytes Small Cells and Synapsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Spontaneous GABAergic postsynaptic activity is diminished in the small cells of the cNTS toward the end of the first postnatal week (Kawai and Senba, 2000b). Our previous studies suggested that the number of axosomatic synapses on the small cell somata decreased considerably after P8 (Yoshioka et al, 2006b). However, the factors influencing the reorganization of synapses in the cNTS remain unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

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Glial coverage of the small cell somata in the rat nucleus of tractus solitarius during postnatal development

Tashiro

Kawai

2007

Glia

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Astrocytes are thought to be active participants in synaptic plasticity in the developing nervous system. Previous studies suggested that axosomatic synapses decreased in number on the small cells of the rat caudal nucleus of tractus solitarius (cNTS) toward the end of the first postnatal week. Astrocytes might be involved in this phenomenon. We examined the morphological development of astrocytic processes around the small cell soma in the rat cNTS using light and electron microscopy. Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), glutamate-aspartate transporter (GLAST), and glutamate transporter-1 (GLT-1)-positive structures within the cNTS became more intensely stained as development proceeded. GLAST-positive structures encompassed calbindinpositive small cell somata after postnatal day 10. Electron microscopic observations indicated that astrocytic processes encompass the small cell soma, while the number of axosomatic synapses decreases as development proceeds. The timing for glial coverage of the small cell soma appears to be consistent with the decrease in axosomatic synapses on the small cells. These observations imply that astrocytes may participate actively in regulating the decrease of axosomatic synapses on small cells in the cNTS during postnatal development. V V C 2007 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

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Section: Decrease In the Number Of Axosomatic Synapses On The Small Csupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Decrease In the Number Of Axosomatic Synapses On The Small Csupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Identification Of Astrocytes Small Cells and Synapsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Glial coverage of the small cell somata in the rat nucleus of tractus solitarius during postnatal development

Tashiro

Kawai

2007

Glia

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“…This decrease, occurring during postnatal maturation, is similar to that induced by DETA/NO incubation in neonatal motoneurons. Accordingly, a high proportion of GABAergic synapses disappear from P8 to P14 in the nucleus of tractus solitarii (Torrealba and Müller, 1999;Yoshioka et al, 2006). A differential sensitivity in the potentiation of glutamatergic EPSPs and GABAergic IPSPs to the NO/cGMP pathway has been described in this nucleus, reaching levels of saturation near 15 nM NO (Wang et al, 2007).…”

mentioning

confidence: 94%

Nitric Oxide Induces Pathological Synapse Loss by a Protein Kinase G-, Rho Kinase-Dependent Mechanism Preceded by Myosin Light Chain Phosphorylation

Sunico¹,

González-Forero²,

Domínguez³

et al. 2010

J. Neurosci.

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The molecular signaling that underpins synapse loss in neuropathological conditions remains unknown. Concomitant upregulation of the neuronal nitric oxide (NO) synthase (nNOS) in neurodegenerative processes places NO at the center of attention. We found that de novo nNOS expression was sufficient to induce synapse loss from motoneurons at adult and neonatal stages. In brainstem slices obtained from neonatal animals, this effect required prolonged activation of the soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC)/protein kinase G (PKG) pathway and RhoA/Rho kinase (ROCK) signaling. Synapse elimination involved paracrine/retrograde action of NO. Furthermore, before bouton detachment, NO increased synapse myosin light chain phosphorylation (p-MLC), which is known to trigger actomyosin contraction and neurite retraction. NO-induced MLC phosphorylation was dependent on cGMP/PKG-ROCK signaling. In adulthood, motor nerve injury induced NO/cGMP-dependent synaptic stripping, strongly affecting ROCK-expressing synapses, and increased the percentage of p-MLCexpressing inputs before synapse destabilization. We propose that this molecular cascade could trigger synapse loss underlying early cognitive/motor deficits in several neuropathological states.

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Postnatal development of GABA‐immunoreactive neurons and terminals in rat periaqueductal gray matter: A light and electron microscopic study

Barbaresi

2010

J of Comparative Neurology

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The development of intrinsic gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-ergic neurons was studied in the first month of postnatal life in the rat periaqueductal gray matter (PAG) by light and electron microscopy using an anti-GABA serum. At birth (postnatal day 0: P0) GABA-immunopositive (GABA(IP)) neurons were detected only on the outer edge of dorsolateral PAG (PAG-DL) and were rare in the other PAG subdivisions. Their distribution did not change from P0 to P5, while they increased progressively from P5 to P10 in PAG-DL and began to be detected in ventrolateral PAG (PAG-VL). At the end of the second postnatal week the immunostaining pattern was nearly adult-like, and between P20 and P30 the adult pattern of GABA immunoreactivity was established. Quantitative light microscopic examination indicated that in the first postnatal month the cross-sectional area of GABA(IP) neurons gradually increased from 67.63 and 78.69 microm(2) at P0 to 122.15 and 119.16 microm(2) at P30 in PAG-DL and PAG-VL, respectively. Electron microscopic observations disclosed GABA labeling from P0 in cell bodies, dendrites, growth cones, and axon terminals. GABA(IP) terminals were few in neonatal rats and became more numerous and morphologically mature around the second week. Synapse development and maturation were examined by quantitative ultrastructural analysis. Synaptic vesicle number and size of GABA(IP) axon terminals progressively grew in the first postnatal month. In conclusion, the number and size of GABA(IP) cells progressively increase in postnatal PAG, with two populations of intrinsic neurons expressing their GABAergic nature in two different periods.

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Postnatal development of GABAergic axon terminals in the rat nucleus of tractus solitarius

Cited by 12 publications

References 35 publications

Glial coverage of the small cell somata in the rat nucleus of tractus solitarius during postnatal development

Glial coverage of the small cell somata in the rat nucleus of tractus solitarius during postnatal development

Nitric Oxide Induces Pathological Synapse Loss by a Protein Kinase G-, Rho Kinase-Dependent Mechanism Preceded by Myosin Light Chain Phosphorylation

Postnatal development of GABA‐immunoreactive neurons and terminals in rat periaqueductal gray matter: A light and electron microscopic study

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