Postnatal Development of Muscle Fiber Types in Domestic Animals

Ashmore, C. R.; Tompkins, Geoffrey R.; Doerr, L.

doi:10.2527/jas1972.34137x

Cited by 166 publications

(108 citation statements)

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“…Both selection for muscling and leanness have been shown to increase the proportion of glycolytic type IIX muscle fibres, with a reduction in intermediate type IIA fibre types (Ashmore et al, 1972;Kadim et al, 1993;Greenwood et al, 2006;Gardner et al, 2006a). This will result in a metabolic shift towards a more glycolytic metabolism in the muscle.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progeny of high muscling sires have reduced muscle response to adrenaline in sheep

Martin

McGilchrist

Thompson

et al. 2011

Animal

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This study investigated the impact of variation in Australian sheep breeding values (ASBVs) for yearling eye muscle depth (YEMD) within Merino and Poll Dorset sires on intermediary metabolism of progeny. Specifically, the change in the blood concentrations of lactate, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) and glucose in response to administration of an exogenous dose of adrenaline was studied. The experiment used 20 Merino and Merino cross Poll Dorset mixed sex sheep. The sires were selected across a range of YEMD ASBVs. The sheep were fitted with indwelling jugular catheters and administered seven levels of adrenaline over a period of 4 days at 4 months of age (0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.9, 1.2 and 1.6 mg/kg liveweight (LW)) and 16 months of age (0.1, 0.2, 0.6, 1.2, 1.8, 2.4 and 3.0 mg/kg LW). A total of 16 blood samples were collected between 230 min and 130 min relative to administration of the adrenaline challenge and were later measured for the plasma concentrations of lactate, NEFA and glucose. These data were then used to calculate the time to maximum substrate concentration, the maximum concentration and the area under curve (AUC) between 0 and 10 min, thus reflecting the substrate's response to exogenous adrenaline. Selection for muscling led to decreased muscle response due to adrenaline, as indicated by lower maximum concentrations and AUC for lactate. The muscles' response to adrenaline was more prominent at 16 months of age than at 4 months of age. Thus, animals selected for increased muscling have lower levels of glycogenolysis in situations where endogenous adrenaline levels are increased like pre-slaughter. This may minimise the risk of poor meat quality in these animals, as they will express higher muscle concentrations of glycogen at slaughter. Adipose tissue was more sensitive to adrenaline in young lambs from high YEMD sires. This shows that high muscled growing lambs utilise their adipose tissue deposits in times of stress to produce energy. This may explain the phenotypic leanness of these animals. Blood glucose levels that are indicative of liver response to adrenaline decreased with selection for muscling. This response may indicate a potential limiting of glucose that is available within animals selected for muscling, leanness and growth for brain function.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progeny of high muscling sires have reduced muscle response to adrenaline in sheep

Martin

McGilchrist

Thompson

et al. 2011

Animal

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“…The effect of stress on muscle tissue is in direct proportion to the percentage of IIB/X fibers, which in its turn, occurs in higher proportion in farm animals selected for growth rate (Ashmore and Robinson, 1969;Dildey et al, 1970). In addition to the evaluation of the metabolic and contraction properties of the myofibers and their distribution in skeletal muscle, it is -E-mail: anamoura@fca.unesp.br important to investigate their cross-sectional areas, once they are responsible, to a great extent, for the final muscle weight (Ashmore et al, 1972). Therefore, the measurement of the area or diameter of the muscle fibers may help explain growth differences among animals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age-related changes in muscle fiber type frequencies and cross-sectional areas in straightbred and crossbred rabbits

Bianospino

Moura

Wechsler

et al. 2008

Animal

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This study was designed to investigate the effects of the interaction among genetic group, sex and age on the frequencies and cross-sectional areas of myofiber types in rabbits. A total of 48 straightbred and crossbred Botucatu rabbits, males and females, were involved in a split plot design with a 2 3 2 (genetic groups 3 genders) factorial arrangement. Young rabbits were weaned at 35 days of age and sequentially slaughtered, four per genetic group 3 sex combination, at 42, 63 and 84 days of age. The flexor carpi radialis muscle was dissected, histological sections (10 mm) were obtained and the frequencies and cross-sectional areas of myofiber types: I, IIA and IIB/X were determined. An effect of the genetic group 3 sex 3 slaughter age interaction was found on the frequency distribution of myofiber types. A transition from type IIA to type IIB/X fibers was observed (P , 0.01) with advancing age, except in crossbred females, but the frequency of IIA fibers was already lower (57.3%) and of IIB/X fibers numerically higher (33.7%) in this group at 42 days. The proportions of IIA fibers in straightbred males, crossbred males and straightbred females decreased from 80.1%, 89.4% and 68.8% at 42 days to 43.9%, 52.3% and 40.1% at 63 days, respectively, whereas the proportions of type IIB/X fibers, in the same groups, increased from 10.3%, 1.6% and 22.3% at 42 days to 42.2%, 37.0% and 49.8% at 63 days, respectively. In all three age points, type IIA fibers showed the largest cross-sectional areas, followed by type I and IIB/X fibers. The cross-sectional areas of IIB/X fibers were larger in crossbreds, but no differences were found between genetic groups concerning fiber types IIA and I. All three types of fibers showed positive linear association with age, but relative to the initial area type IIB/X fibers presented a higher degree of hypertrophy (144% up to 84 days) than type IIA and I fibers (86% and 85%, respectively). The flexor carpi radialis muscle was, on average, heavier in crossbred than in straightbred females, but no difference was observed between crossbred and straightbred males. Differences in the weight of flexor carpi radialis muscle were attributed to the hypertrophy of type IIB/X fibers in the crossbreds.

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“…A direct correlation was proved between the histochemical mATPase staining and the myosin heavy chain (MHC) composition of muscle fibres (Gauthier and Lowey, 1979;Staron and Pette, 1986;Staron, 1991 ). A sequential appearance of various MHC isoforms was demonstrated from fetal to adult animal stages (Whalen et al, 1981;Gauthier, 1987;Harris et al, 1989 (Ashmore et al, 1972;Rehfeldt et al, 1987), rat (Maltin et al, 1985;Tamaki, 1985), mouse (Rehfeldt et al, 1987) and chick muscles (Ashmore and Doerr, 1971 ).…”

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confidence: 99%

Fibre type differentiation during postnatal development of miniature pig skeletal muscles

Horák

1995

Reprod. Nutr. Dev.

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Summary ― Histochemical differentiation of 12 skeletal muscles with a different fibre type composition was studied in miniature pigs from 80 d of gestation to 1 year of age. Two fetal myofibre types were distinguished at 100 d of gestation by the mATPase reaction after acid preincubation. The staining for oxidative enzyme activities showed no conspicuous differences between fibres up to the 6th day after birth. Starting from this age it was possible to distinguish 3 fibre categories: SO (slow-twitch oxidative); FOG (fast-twitch oxidative-glycolytic); and FG (fast-twitch glycolytic). A characteristic cluster distribution of the 3 fibre types was observed in all studied muscles with the exception of the masseter muscle which consisted only of the type SO and FOG fibres with a mosaic arrangement. The

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Postnatal Development of Muscle Fiber Types in Domestic Animals

Cited by 166 publications

References 0 publications

Progeny of high muscling sires have reduced muscle response to adrenaline in sheep

Progeny of high muscling sires have reduced muscle response to adrenaline in sheep

Age-related changes in muscle fiber type frequencies and cross-sectional areas in straightbred and crossbred rabbits

Fibre type differentiation during postnatal development of miniature pig skeletal muscles

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