Postnatal protein malnutrition affects play behavior and other social interactions in juvenile rats

Almeida, Sebastião de Sousa; Araújo, M De

doi:10.1016/s0031-9384(01)00554-6

Cited by 42 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…11) The prenatal and early postnatal PM also causes various abnormal behaviors, such as increased exploratory behavior, 12,13) reduced anxiety, 13,14) decreased social interaction, 15) increased depressive behavior, 16) increased aggressive behavior, 17,18) prepulse inhibition deficits 19) and impairment of memory-related behavior. [20][21][22] In contrast, there are remarkably few reports concerning postweaning PM effects on the CNS.…”

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Executive Functions of Postweaning Protein Malnutrition in Mice

Sato

Nakagawasai

Tan-No

et al. 2011

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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An inadequate supply of nutrition is one of the main nongenetic factors affecting brain development.1) Liu et al. 2) demonstrated that children with malnutrition signs at three years of age tend to have low IQ, excessive motor activity and antisocial behavior in adulthood. In the framework of such nutritional inadequacy, early protein malnutrition (PM) adversely affects central nervous system (CNS) maturation, resulting in long-lasting, or even permanent, deleterious effects. 3,4)Malnutrition is a common problem worldwide and occurs in both developing and developed countries. In developing countries malnutrition is associated with poverty or socioeconomic problems, whereas in developed countries, the weight of the newborn is influenced by the mothers diet 5) and the weight at birth affects subsequent development. 6) Also, in developed countries, severe malnutrition is commonly found in patients with eating disorders which frequently occurs during adolescence leading to interruptions of somatic and psychological development. The use of common weight control techniques by healthy weight adolescents can produce chronic undernutrition. 7)In rats, there are two principal types of PM experimental models: prenatal (i.e., gestation period) and early postnatal (i.e., lactation period) malnutrition. There are many studies focused on body and brain morphological affects of these PM models, such as body and brain weight, 3) hippocampal effects, 8,9) span of basilar dendrities 10) and neocortical effects.11) The prenatal and early postnatal PM also causes various abnormal behaviors, such as increased exploratory behavior, 12,13) reduced anxiety, 13,14) decreased social interaction, 15) increased depressive behavior, 16) increased aggressive behavior, 17,18) prepulse inhibition deficits 19) and impairment of memory-related behavior. [20][21][22] In contrast, there are remarkably few reports concerning postweaning PM effects on the CNS. Lukoyanov and Andrade 23) found that eight months of PM in adult rats induced a marked loss of neurons and synapses in the hippocampal formation and that the morphological alterations led to noticeable impairments in openfield behavior and spatial learning in the water maze. Thus, even if PM begins in adult animals, abnormal behaviors are induced which take a long time to express.The human brain develops rapidly in the last third of pregnancy and the first two years of life. Brain weight increases with age and achieves adult weight between six and 14 years of age. By two years of age the brain is approximately 80% of the adult weight and at one time it was believed that, to a large extent, brain development had ended. More recently it has become apparent that brain development continues through adolescence and even as adults the brain can adapt to changing circumstances. Adolescence is a particularly important time for brain development as more adult ways of thinking emerge: abstract thinking, deductive reasoning and the ability to solve problems. 24) There is increasing evidence that diet...

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Executive Functions of Postweaning Protein Malnutrition in Mice

Sato

Nakagawasai

Tan-No

et al. 2011

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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“…Esta diferença entre grupos nutricionais é amplamente documentada, mostrando a eficácia do procedimento em causar o insulto nutricional (Almeida, & De Araújo, 2001;Feoli et al, 2006;Riul et al, 1999;Rocinholi et al, 1997;Vilela et al, 2005). Devido à restrição proteica na dieta consumida pelas ratas mães desnutridas durante o período de lactação, provavelmente houve uma redução na disponibilidade de aminoácidos para síntese de proteínas do leite, o que teria gerado a perda de peso da prole dessas ratas (Passos, Ramos, & Moura, 2000).…”

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Desnutrição Proteica Precoce Reduz O Intervalo Entre Tentativas De Ratos Em Tarefa De Discriminação Condicional

Silva¹,

Oliveira²,

Almeida³

2016

REBAC

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RESUMOA má nutrição precoce gera efeitos deletérios graves no crescimento, no comportamento e nas capacidades cognitivas de diferentes organismos, sendo a desnutrição proteica a principal insuficiência nutricional que pode ser examinada individualmente em estudos experimentais. O objetivo deste estudo foi testar o procedimento de correção de tentativas diretamente no treino de discriminação condicional, comparando o desempenho de animais previamente desnutridos e recuperados nutricionalmente, com o desempenho de animais controles. As curvas de desempenho dos grupos não indicaram uma melhora significativa nos acertos ao longo das sessões, mas ao final do treino os animais submetidos ao procedimento de correção de tentativas apresentaram melhor desempenho do que os animais não submetidos à correção. Os animais desnutridos apresentaram IETs médios menores do que os IETs apresentados pelos animais bem nutridos. Entre os fatores apontados como responsáveis pela não aprendizagem da discriminação condicional, destacam-se a programação da contingência e a disposição espacial aleatória dos estímulos de escolha durante o treino. Palavras-chave: desnutrição proteica; aprendizagem; discriminação condicional; correção de tentativas; IET. ABSTRACTEarly malnutrition generates severe deleterious effects on growth, behavior and cognitive abilities of different organisms, and protein malnutrition is the main nutritional insufficiency that can be examined individually in experimental studies. The aim of this study was to establish conditional discriminations in rats, comparing malnourished animals which have received nutritional recovery with control ones, and test the effects of a correction procedure. Even though animals under the correction procedure have performed better than the animals not submitted to it, their performances did not improve during training sessions. Malnourished animals showed lower average ITIs than wellnourished animals. Contingency planning and the random spatial presentation of choice stimuli are the factors pointed out as potentially responsible for the absence of a learning curve to the conditional discrimination, at the end of training.

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“…[10][11][12] Several experimental studies have focused on the consequences of prenatal (i.e., gestation period) and early postnatal (i.e., lactation period) malnutrition. PM during these developmental stages causes various atypical behaviors in rats, such as reduced anxiety, 13) decreased social interaction, 14) increased depressive behavior, 15) prepulse inhibition deficit 16) and impairment of memory-related behavior. 17) Moreover, a reduction in 5-HT 1A receptor levels and 5-HT uptake sites was reported in the hippocampus of prenatal PM rats.…”

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Enhanced Behavioral Response to Serotonin-Related Agonists in Postweaning Protein Malnourished Mice

Sato

Nakagawasai

Hayashi

et al. 2012

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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We investigated whether postweaning protein malnutrition (PM) affects serotonergic systems. Mice were fed a PM diet or normal protein (control) diet from weaning (21 d of age). Twenty days later, we tested for behavioral effects of the selective serotonin (5-HT) 1A Key words protein malnutrition; serotonin 1A ; serotonin syndrome; head weaving; post-weaning period; mouse Serotonin (5-HT) is involved in the control of numerous physiological functions (e.g. food intake, thermoregulation, sleep patterns and nociception) 1) as well as in some psychiatric disorders such as anxiety and depression.2) These multiple actions are mediated through activation of at least 15 different families of serotonergic receptors.3) The 5-HT 1A receptor is one of the best described receptor subtypes and may be present on presynaptic as well as postsynaptic neurons.4) 5-HT 1A agonists have been successfully used in the treatment of anxiety disorders in human.5) However, excessive stimulation of postsynaptic 5-HT 1A receptor can lead to the 5-HT syndrome, a toxic condition displaying multiple clinical features. 6) In rodents, the administration of high doses of 5-HT 1A agonist, e.g. 8-hydroxy-N,N-dipropyl-2-aminotetralin (8-OH-DPAT), also elicits a 5-HT syndrome with typical major behavioral components such as flat body posture, hind limb abduction, forepaw treading, and head weaving. 7)5-HT concentrations are strongly influenced by undernourishment.8) 5-HT is synthesized from the amino acid precursor tryptophan and therefore is dependent on the latter's bioavailability. Brain levels of both are believed to increase as a result of metabolic adaptation to protein deficiency, which induces a decrease in the molar ratio of bound tryptophan to albumin. 9)However, some studies have reported either a decrease or no changes in brain serotonin levels following protein malnutrition (PM).10-12) Several experimental studies have focused on the consequences of prenatal (i.e., gestation period) and early postnatal (i.e., lactation period) malnutrition. PM during these developmental stages causes various atypical behaviors in rats, such as reduced anxiety, 13) decreased social interaction, 14) increased depressive behavior, 15) prepulse inhibition deficit 16) and impairment of memory-related behavior. 17) Moreover, a reduction in 5-HT 1A receptor levels and 5-HT uptake sites was reported in the hippocampus of prenatal PM rats.12) Since the 5-HT 1A receptor is considered to be a key receptor via which 5-HT participates in hippocampal dependent learning and memory functions, 18) PM may impact on cognitive performances as well. Thus, it is considered that the developmental period extending from gestation to weaning is critical with regards to PM. However, it has become apparent that brain development continues through adolescence.19) The age range for which the brain is vulnerable to the effects of malnutrition is potentially much greater than previously suspected but the threshold for malnutrition necessary to produce the behavioral alterations is unk...

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Postnatal protein malnutrition affects play behavior and other social interactions in juvenile rats

Cited by 42 publications

References 39 publications

Executive Functions of Postweaning Protein Malnutrition in Mice

Executive Functions of Postweaning Protein Malnutrition in Mice

Desnutrição Proteica Precoce Reduz O Intervalo Entre Tentativas De Ratos Em Tarefa De Discriminação Condicional

Enhanced Behavioral Response to Serotonin-Related Agonists in Postweaning Protein Malnourished Mice

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