Postoperative prophylactic intravesical instillation of cytosine arabinoside and mitomycin C in superficial bladder tumor

Prophylactic intravesical instillation of mitomycin C and cytosine arabinoside for prevention of recurrent bladder tumors following surgery for upper urinary tract tumors: A prospective randomized study

“…The prophylactic intravesical instillation for superficial bladder cancer following transurethral resection has been shown to be effective 3,4 . The rate of bladder tumor recurrence following surgery for upper urinary tract tumors was frequent, particularly in the first 2 years after surgery 1,2 .…”

“…The prophylactic effect of postoperative intravesical instillation of various anticancer agents, such as thiotepa, MMC and adriamycin, have been evaluated in patients with superficial bladder cancer and no remarkable difference has been observed in the preventive effect of bladder recurrence among anticancer agents 3 . The intravesical instillation of MMC and Ara‐C showed a relatively low incidence of side‐effects as compared to other anticancer agents 4 . Moreover, the cost of MMC and Ara‐C is lower than that of other agents such as anthracyclines.…”

“…Earlier reports have shown bladder tumor recurrence following surgery for transitional cell carcinoma of the upper urinary tract in 30–40% of patients 1,2 . Although intravesical chemotherapy has been shown to be frequently effective in preventing recurrence after a transurethral resection of superficial bladder tumors, 3,4 only a few studies have reported on the prophylactic ability of intravesical chemotherapy in preventing bladder tumor recurrence after surgery for upper urinary tract tumors 5,6 . The present prospective randomized study was thus conducted to examine the significance of the intravesical instillation of mitomycin C (MMC) and cytosine arabinoside (Ara‐C) in reducing bladder tumor recurrence following surgery for upper urinary tract tumors.…”

Intravesical mitomycin C (MMC) and MMC + cytosine arabinoside for non‐muscle‐invasive bladder cancer: a randomised clinical trial

“…(i) Ara-C may be useful in urine alkalisation because its pH is 8.0-9.3 according to the product label, (ii) Ara-C has been used for intravesical therapy to prevent bladder cancer recurrence, and (iii) safety of intravesical therapy with MMC + Ara-C has been previously reported [21,22]. Briefly, we hypothesised that combination with Ara-C would increase the anticancer effects of MMC after urine alkalisation and provide additive anti-cancer effects.…”

“…Therefore, we searched for methods with higher certainty and safety that would increase urinary pH. Finally, we used cytosine arabinoside (Ara‐C) to enhance the anti‐cancer effects of MMC in adjuvant intravesical therapy after complete TUR for three reasons: (i) Ara‐C may be useful in urine alkalisation because its pH is 8.0–9.3 according to the product label, (ii) Ara‐C has been used for intravesical therapy to prevent bladder cancer recurrence, and (iii) safety of intravesical therapy with MMC + Ara‐C has been previously reported [ 21 , 22 ]. Briefly, we hypothesised that combination with Ara‐C would increase the anticancer effects of MMC after urine alkalisation and provide additive anti‐cancer effects.…”