Postoperative Übelkeit und Erbrechen in den operativen Disziplinen

Abstract

Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting in Surgical Gastroenterology Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) and acute postoperative pain are the most harmful symptoms for the patient. Nevertheless, a high-dose postoperative pain therapy can lead to PONV, beside special anesthetic procedures. Although pain therapy has become more and more comfortable, an incidence of PONV of 30% has been reported in in- and outpatient procedures in the literature. 78% of the responsible surgeons declared PONV as a daily routine problem, 82% would like to have a better PONV management. In contrast to this, only 28% of the general surgical patients received an antiemetic therapy. This review analyzes the actual procedures for prophylaxis and therapy of PONV. A prophylaxis with antiemetic drugs can prevent PONV in 85% of the patients. A combination of PONV-relieving drugs resulted in 96% of PONV-free patients. The responsible surgeon therefore should be aware of this problem and of the effective treatment strategies to avoid PONV.