Postpartum Depression in North Indian Women: Prevalence and Risk Factors

Gupta, Swapan; Kishore, Jugal; Mala, YM; Aggarwal, Reshma

doi:10.1007/s13224-013-0399-x

Cited by 58 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…This was almost similar to other studies that were conducted in Delhi and adjacent states of northern India, 15.8% (18), Egypt, 17.9% (19), and Uganda, 16.3 % (20).…”

Section: Prevalence Of Postpartum Depressionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Prevalence of postpartum depression and associated factors among postnatal care attendees in Debre Berhan, Ethiopia, 2018.

Wubetu

Engidaw

Gizachew

2020

Preprint

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Background: Postpartum depression explains various groups of depressive symptoms and syndromes that can take place during the first 6 weeks following birth. The postpartum period is a critical time where both mild and severe mood disorders can occur. The familiar forms are baby blues and postpartum depression. Understanding the prevalence and associated factors of postpartum depression is mandatory for early detection and treatment. Methods: Institution based cross-sectional study was conducted from 1st May to June 30, 2018. The study participants were eligible women who came to Debre Berhan referral hospital and health centers for postnatal care and vaccination service. The Edinburgh postnatal depression scale was used to assess postpartum depression. A systematic random sampling technique was used to collect the data after determining the skip fraction (k=2). The collected data were coded and entered into Epi-info version 7 and transported to SPSS version 20 for analysis. Both bivariate and multivariate binary logistic regression were done to identify associated factors. During bivariate analysis, variables with p-value < 0.05 were included in multivariate analysis. Odds ratios and their 95% confidence intervals were computed and variables with p-value less than 0.05 were considered to declare significantly associated factors (multivariate analysis).

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“…This was almost similar to other studies that were conducted in Delhi and adjacent states of northern India, 15.8% (18), Egypt, 17.9% (19), and Uganda, 16.3 % (20).…”

Section: Prevalence Of Postpartum Depressionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Prevalence of postpartum depression and associated factors among postnatal care attendees in Debre Berhan, Ethiopia, 2018.

Wubetu

Engidaw

Gizachew

2020

Preprint

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“…Planning of pregnancy, operative and difficult deliveries had positive correlation with PND in various studies in contrast to the study. 2,15 Personal and family history of depression and inadequate relationship with her in -laws were significantly associated with PND in the present study and in a similar study in Delhi, Bangalore Johnstone et al [28][29][30] In the present study, poor support from the baby's father was not significantly associated with being diagnosed with postpartum depression. Women with low selfesteem had 14.352 odds of developing postnatal depression in the study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

Prevalence and determinants of postnatal depression in a tertiary care teaching institute in Kerala, India

Shenoy¹,

Remash²,

Shenoy

2019

Int J Reprod Contracept Obstet Gynecol

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Background: Pregnancy and childbirth produce a variety of physiological, psychological and social consequences. Attitudes toward pregnancy and childbirth vary from culture to culture. Prevalence estimates range from 13 to 19% in resource-rich settings and 11 to 42% in resource- limited settings PND has a significant impact on the mother, the family, her partner and mother-infant interaction. This research aims to aid the early diagnosis of postnatal depression and the socio-demographic, obstetric, family dynamics, neonatal characteristics and psychiatric determinants of depression using EPDS among postnatal women in a tertiary hospital in Kerala state, India.Methods: 119 women between 2 to 6 weeks of postpartum period were subjected to a pre-tested pre-structured standard questionnaire. Diagnosis of depression was made using the Edinburgh postnatal depression scale. Possible depression is values >13 or more are invariably associated with depression.Results: Young age at marriage (p-value 0.022), love marriage (p-value 0.040) and low social support inadequate relationship with the in-laws was signiﬁcantly associated with PND (p-0.003). Low birth weight was a significant determinant of PND (p-value-0.018). Gender of the new-born, fear and preference towards any particular gender and order of female child in multiparous woman had no association in determining postnatal depression. Childcare stress (p-value-0.011), psychiatry history in family and personal history of depression and mothers with low self-esteem (p-value-0.001) had odds of developing postnatal depression in the study.Conclusions: Early screening of the women and counselling of women and their family will reduce the maternal morbidity and adverse child outcomes.

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“…11 Swapan G et al in their study "postpartum depression in north Indian women: prevalence and risk factors" reported the prevalence of PPD at 15.8%. 12…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A similar study by Swapan G et al found 9.4% prevalence of PPD in subjects who had more than primary education. 12…”

Section: Association Of Education With Ppdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of postpartum depression and association with risk factors in a tertiary care hospital

Guin

Rawat

2018

Int J Reprod Contracept Obstet Gynecol

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Background: Postpartum depression also known as postnatal depression is a non-psychotic depressive disorder of variable severity and it can begin as early as after delivery and can persist indefinitely if untreated. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of postpartum depression by Edinburgh postnatal depression scale and to evaluate the factors predisposing to postpartum depression.Methods: The present prospective observation study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Medical College, Jabalpur from 1st March 2015 to 31st August 2016. Participants were screened for postnatal depression using EPDS. A risk factor questionnaire that covered key socio-demographic and obstetrics factors were also completed by all the subjects. Main outcome measure: prevalence of a score of 13 or higher, on the EPDS. The data of the present study was recorded into computer and after proper validation, error checking, coding and decoding, the data was compiled and analysed using the SPSS Window, Appropriate univariate and bivariate analysis were carried out using the fisher exact test or Chi-square test for categorical variables.Results: The present study concludes that the prevalence of postpartum depression is 12.8% (64/500) amongst postnatal women admitted of Obstetrics unit of NSCB Medical College, Jabalpur (Madhya Pradesh) since the prevalence of an EPDS score ≥13 (which is suggestive of PPD) was found in a significant proportion of women, screening for PPD is indicated in all postpartum subjects to identify and promptly treat these women. Identification of a clear association between certain risk factors and PPD will lead to a prompter diagnosis of PPD.

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Postpartum Depression in North Indian Women: Prevalence and Risk Factors

Cited by 58 publications

References 16 publications

Prevalence of postpartum depression and associated factors among postnatal care attendees in Debre Berhan, Ethiopia, 2018.

Prevalence of postpartum depression and associated factors among postnatal care attendees in Debre Berhan, Ethiopia, 2018.

Prevalence and determinants of postnatal depression in a tertiary care teaching institute in Kerala, India

Prevalence of postpartum depression and association with risk factors in a tertiary care hospital

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