Postpartum depression: psychoneuroimmunological underpinnings and treatment

Anderson, Geoffrey M.; Maes, Michaël

doi:10.2147/ndt.s25320

Cited by 70 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 110 publications

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“…Although psychosocial risk factors for PPD have long been considered, a growing appreciation of the mind-body connection in health and disease has led to an increased focus on biological risk factors that may underlie or contribute to the disorder. Two biological systems that have come under investigation as potential contributors to PPD are the immune-inflammatory response (Anderson and Maes, 2013; Boufidou et al, 2009; Corwin et al, 2008; Groer and Morgan, 2007; Maes et al, 2000; Okun et al, 2011; Osborne and Monk, 2013) and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. (Glynn et al, 2013; O'Keane et al, 2011; Okun et al, 2011) Both undergo significant changes during pregnancy (Kalantaridou et al, 2010; Mastorakos and Ilias, 2003; Mor and Cardenas, 2010a) and both remain in flux during the early postpartum period (Christian and Porter, 2014; Hebisch et al, 2004; Mastorakos and Ilias, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bidirectional psychoneuroimmune interactions in the early postpartum period influence risk of postpartum depression

Corwin

Pajer

Paul

et al. 2015

Brain, Behavior, and Immunity

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More than 500,000 U.S. women develop postpartum depression (PPD) annually. Although psychosocial risks are known, the underlying biology remains unclear. Dysregulation of the immune inflammatory response and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis are associated with depression in other populations. While significant research on the contribution of these systems to the development of PPD has been conducted, results have been inconclusive. This is partly because few studies have focused on whether disruption in the bidirectional and dynamic interaction between the inflammatory response and the HPA axis together influence PPD. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that disruption in the inflammatory-HPA axis bidirectional relationship would increase the risk of PPD. Plasma pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines were measured in women during the 3rd trimester of pregnancy and on Days 7 and 14, and Months 1, 2, 3, and 6 after childbirth. Saliva was collected 5 times the day preceding blood draws for determination of cortisol area under the curve (AUC) and depressive symptoms were measured using the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Survey (EPDS). Of the 152 women who completed the EPDS, 18% were depressed according to EDPS criteria within the 6 months postpartum. Cortisol AUC was higher in symptomatic women on Day 14 (p=.017). To consider the combined effects of cytokines and cortisol on predicting symptoms of PPD, a multiple logistic regression model was developed that included predictors identified in bivariate analyses to have an effect on depressive symptoms. Results indicated that family history of depression, day 14 cortisol AUC, and the day 14 IL8/IL10 ratio were significant predictors of PPD symptoms. One unit increase each in the IL8/IL10 ratio and cortisol AUC resulted in 1.50 (P=0.06) and 2.16 (P=0.02) fold increases respectively in the development of PPD. Overall, this model correctly classified 84.2% of individuals in their respective groups. Findings suggest that variability in the complex interaction between the inflammatory response and the HPA axis influence the risk of PPD.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bidirectional psychoneuroimmune interactions in the early postpartum period influence risk of postpartum depression

Corwin

Pajer

Paul

et al. 2015

Brain, Behavior, and Immunity

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“…If this condition continues after two weeks, then it may mark more severe conditions such as depression or post-partum psychosis. These conditions should not be taken lightly because the subsequent effects are more complex (Elizabeth, 2008;Mary, 2012;Anderson, 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impacts of Stimulation in Protracted Labor to Cortisol Levels and Incidence of Post-Partum Blues

Soetrisno¹,

Respati²,

Sulistyowati³

et al. 2017

FMI

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ABSTRAKTindakan persalinan, induksi, stimulasi, seksio sesarea dan dengan bantuan alat misalnya vacuum extraction, dapat mengurangi kepercayaan ibu atas lancarnya proses persalinan, serta meningkatkan stress postpartum. Stresor ini merangsang HPA axis (Hipothalamus-Pituitary-Adrenal) 40.29 ± 5.58, in normal delivery is 33.59 ± 11.17, with p=0.047, meaning there are significant differences both study groups. Stimulation delivery increases the occurrence of post-partum blues 5.50 times compared to normal delivery (OR=5.50 and p=0.028). Mean cortisol levels on postpartum blues higher at 42.90 ± 6.97 compared to no post-partum blues 30.14 ± 6.66, p=0:00, which means there are significant differences both groups. In conclusion, there was significant relationship between stimulation in protrated labor that increases cortisol serum level and post partum blues incidence. (FMI 2017;53:7-11)

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“…With the massage on the spinal muscles, there is stimulation in the spinal cord which serves as a nerve link between the brain and the peripheral nervous system (Anderson & Maes, 2013). All communication up and down the spinal cord lies in the ascending jar (tract) that transmits signals from afferent input to the brain.…”

Section: Baby Blues Occurrencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One of two recent-childbirth mothers (50%) gets baby blues and 10% continue to develop post-natal depression. Around 70% of all mothers which have been delivering get baby blues onset and 10-20% of mothers get post-partum depression (Anderson & Maes, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Massage Therapy With Effleurage Techniques as a Prevention of Baby Blues Prevention on Mother Postpartum

Sarli¹,

Sari²

2018

IJALSR

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Several research results showed cases of mothers who received Baby Blues and Postnatal Depression is quite high. One in two women who gave birth (50%) had experienced Baby Blues, and about 10% will continue to Postnatal Depression. Baby blues events can be given treatment with complementary therapies one of them is with massage effleurage. The purpose of this research is to know the effect of massage effleurage to baby blues event. This research uses the quantitative method with pre-experimental analytic research design and its approach is one group pretestposttest, this research conducted ± 4 months. The target of this research is postpartum mother ≥ 7 days to 6 weeks postpartum which amounted to 30 respondents. Data was obtained from the respondents using a questionnaire filled by the mother himself using EPDS instruments before and after the intervention. The screening was done before the intervention, Intervention was done 2 times a week, then after the intervention mother was told to fill out the EPDS questionnaire. Data analysis was done by "t dependent test" to know the effect of Treatment Massage with Effleurage technique as prevention of baby blues in postpartum mother. The result of this research is the result of positive baby blues event before the massage effleurage is done 46,7%, meanwhile, it shows that the respondent does not experience the baby blues symptoms before the massage effleurage is 53,3%. After the massage effleurage for 2 times, a week decreased compared before the massage effleurage was done by 20%, whereas that showed that respondents did not experience the symptoms of baby blues after the massage effleurage increased by 80%. Based on the results of T-Dependent test obtained P-value <0.05 (α) which means that there is influence effleurage massage technique to the Baby Blues event in the working area of Lubuk Buaya Public Health Center Padang, Indonesia. From the result of research can be concluded The existence of decrease of baby blues event after done massage effleurage that is from 46,7% to 20%, influence effleurage massage technique to Baby Blues event

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Postpartum depression: psychoneuroimmunological underpinnings and treatment

Cited by 70 publications

References 110 publications

Bidirectional psychoneuroimmune interactions in the early postpartum period influence risk of postpartum depression

Bidirectional psychoneuroimmune interactions in the early postpartum period influence risk of postpartum depression

The Impacts of Stimulation in Protracted Labor to Cortisol Levels and Incidence of Post-Partum Blues

The Effect of Massage Therapy With Effleurage Techniques as a Prevention of Baby Blues Prevention on Mother Postpartum

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