Postpartum Mood Disorders and Thyroid Autoimmunity

Donne, Maria Le; Mento, Carmela; Salvatore, Silvia; Antonelli, Alessandro; Benvenga, Salvatore

doi:10.3389/fendo.2017.00091

Cited by 19 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…Drastic changes in thyroid hormones during pregnancy are well established, and up to 23% of all new mothers experience postpartum thyroid dysfunction [ 34 ]. An association between PPD and Graves’ disease has also been noticed in several studies [ 16 , 35 , 36 , 37 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Postpartum Depression and Subsequent Autoimmune Diseases in Taiwan

Lin

Liu

et al. 2018

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Postpartum depression (PPD) is one of the most common examples of postnatal morbidity, but the subsequent risks of autoimmune diseases in patients with PPD have yet to be fully investigated. This nationwide population-based study utilized data of the National Health Insurance Research Database of Taiwan for the period from 1996 to 2013. In total, 45,451 women with primiparity were identified. Among them, 542 patients with PPD were enrolled as a study group while 2165 matched patients without PPD were enrolled as a control group. The demographic characteristics and comorbidities of the patients were analyzed, and Cox regression analysis was applied to calculate the hazard ratios for the risk of autoimmune diseases. Of the 2707 women enrolled in this study, 469 (17.3%) patients with newly diagnosed autoimmune diseases were identified, including 123 (22.7%) in the PPD group and 346 (16%) in the non-PPD group. After adjusting for confounding factors, it was determined that the patients with PPD had a significantly higher risk of subsequent autoimmune diseases (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR): 1.61, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.30–1.99; p < 0.001). Specifically, increased risks of pernicious anemia (aHR: 3.85, 95% CI: 2.06–7.22), rheumatoid arthritis (aHR: 2.62, 95% CI: 1.28–5.39), and Graves’ disease (aHR: 1.57, 95% CI: 1.05–2.33) were observed in the PPD group. This study demonstrated that patients with PPD have higher risks of subsequent autoimmune diseases, especially pernicious anemia, rheumatoid arthritis, and Graves’ disease. This useful information provides physicians with clues regarding the associations between autoimmune diseases and PPD.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Postpartum Depression and Subsequent Autoimmune Diseases in Taiwan

Lin

Liu

et al. 2018

IJERPH

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“…When it comes to thyroid hormones up to 23% of all new mothers experience thyroid dysfunction postpartum compared with a prevalence of 3-4% in the general population (24). An interaction between thyroid autoantibodies and mood disorders was first evaluated in early 1980s, and ever since the correlation between thyroid autoimmunity and postpartum depression is still controversial, in spite of many studies on this topic.…”

Section: Postpartum Depressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroendocrine Aspects of Pregnancy and Postpartum Depression

2019

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Introduction. Ties between the endocrine system and mental health are undeniably a consistent point of interest in modern day medicine. Furthermore, mental disturbances due to hormonal changes following childbirth have been mentioned in medical literature since Hippocrates. Considering the dramatic endocrine, paracrine and autocrine changes that occur during gestation, labour and postnatal phase, hormonal theories are not to be ignored in the treatment of postpartum disorders. Results. Reproductive hormones are known to modulate behavioural, emotional and cognitive response, therefore rapid changes in estradiol and progesterone plasma concentrations during pregnancy and labour create a vulnerable terrain leading towards postpartum disorders. New research shows that women suffering from postpartum disorders have abnormal neural responses, suggesting a neuroendocrine explanation for postpartum syndromes. Conclusion. To facilitate further research in this area, we present new information on several hormonal interactions and the psychiatric response involved in pregnancy and labour, offering an interdisciplinary outlook on pregnancy and postpartum disorders. There is enough evidence to suggest that estradiol, progesterone, oxytocin, cortisol and thyroid hormones are some of many hormones involved in postpartum syndromes and tackling their perinatal imbalance with pharmacological substituents or antagonists could be useful as an adjuvant form of treatment in future patients.

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“…Several studies have emphasized, in chronic diseases, the neuropsychological functioning in chronic diseases (Catalano et al, 2019), even in ADHD (Martino et al, 2017; Fabio et al, 2018; Salehinejad et al, 2019) and it is known that the neuropsychological evaluation may reflect also the involvement of the frontal lobe functions (Bechara and Noel, 2010; Vicario and Martino, 2010). It could be furthermore interesting to provide more work on the mechanisms underlying the relationship between clinical psychological symptoms as anxiety, depression and health related quality of life, and chronic medical conditions among which we can consider metabolic, bone, celiac, and thyroid diseases (Misra and Lager, 2008; Di Corrado et al, 2013; Smith et al, 2013; Castelnuovo et al, 2015; Del Piccolo et al, 2015; Catalano et al, 2017, 2018; Guicciardi, 2017; Le Donne et al, 2017; Martino et al, 2018a,b, 2019). It would be also interesting to investigate how negative emotions, such as anger and disgust, are linked to different psychopathological conditions, such as depression and personality disorders (Vicario, 2013; Craparo et al, 2016; Vicario et al, 2017).…”

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confidence: 99%