Postprandial dysmetabolism: Too early or too late?

Abstract

postprandial dysmetabolism is a postprandial state characterized by abnormal metabolism of glucose and lipids and, more specifically, of elevated levels of glucose and triglyceride (Tg) containing lipoproteins. Since there is evidence that postprandial dysmetabolism is associated with increased cardiovascular mortality and morbidity, due to macro-and microvascular complications, as well as with conditions such as polycystic ovary syndrome (pCOS) and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NaFlD), it is recommended that clinicians be alert for early detection and management of this condition. management consists of a holistic approach including dietary modification, exercise and use of hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic medication aiming to decrease the postprandial values of circulating glucose and triglycerides. This review aims to explain glucose and lipid homeostasis and the impact of postprandial dysmetabolism on the cardiovascular system as well as to offer suggestions with regard to the therapeutic approach for this entity. however, more trials are required to prevent or reverse early and not too late the actual tissue damage due to postprandial dysmetabolism.

Attenuation of Postmeal Metabolic Indices with Red Raspberries in Individuals at Risk for Diabetes: A Randomized Controlled Trial

“…These effects are documented in healthy individuals and are exaggerated in individuals with insulin resistance, obesity, and diabetes . Several lines of evidence have identified exaggerated postprandial metabolic responses as independent risk factors for diabetes and cardiovascular disease . Previous work in our lab has shown that some of the biological responses to Western‐type meals, such as increased oxidized low‐density lipoproteins (LDL), inflammatory markers, triglycerides (TG), and insulinemia, can be attenuated by including beverages containing strawberry with the meal .…”

Effects of Acute Dietary Polyphenols and Post-Meal Physical Activity on Postprandial Metabolism in Adults with Features of the Metabolic Syndrome

“…While the pathophysiology of postprandial dysmetabolism has been excellently reviewed elsewhere [7], a brief description and summary of its importance are provided. A decline in pancreatic β-cell function, increased peripheral insulin resistance, and a reduced systemic lipoprotein lipase activity promote visceral adiposity as well as exaggerated postprandial glucose (PPG) and postprandial lipid (PPL) excursions [8][9][10][11][12][13]. Prolonged elevations in PPG stimulate the formation of advanced glycation end products and reactive oxygen species that cause oxidative damage and inflammation in the arterial wall [14].…”

Vegan and Animal Meal Composition and Timing Influence Glucose and Lipid Related Postprandial Metabolic Profiles

“…Postprandial lipaemia can be lowered with higher intake of dietary fiber, polyphenols, medium chain fatty acids, and long‐chain n‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids . Postprandial dysmetabolism is distinguished by elevated glucose and lipids and associated with the onset of cardiovascular events . In fact, postprandial dysmetabolic responses are useful to demonstrate individual resilience to high fat and high glucose challenges, known as phenotypic flexibility …”