Postprandial effects on electrolyte homeostasis in the kidney

Klemens, Christine A.; Brands, Michael; Staruschenko, Alexander

doi:10.1152/ajprenal.00350.2019

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 48 publications

(50 reference statements)

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“…Insulin-clamp studies, maintaining a stable filtered load of glucose, suggest an independent effect of insulin, likely enhancing post-prandial sodium retention at the diluting segment of the distal nephron (18). Indeed, recent reports have shown that insulin exerts a RAAS-independent post-prandial reclamation of water and sodium, likely mediated by a significant increase in the open probability of ENaC along collecting tubules (19). Additionally, insulin also directly stimulates SGLT2 expression, as illustrated in studies using renal tubule-specific insulin receptor knockout (KO) mice (20).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fasting-Induced Natriuresis and SGLT: A New Hypothesis for an Old Enigma

Heyman¹,

Bursztyn²,

Szalat³

et al. 2020

Front. Endocrinol.

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For years, physicians and scientists were enthralled by the enigmatic phenomenon of fasting-associated diuresis and natriuresis and their reversal by feeding. This abrupt response is most prominent in obese and hypertensive individuals, and if repeated once and again may lead to the attenuation of blood pressure and improve insulin sensitivity. The mechanisms involved in early natriuresis and diuresis remain speculative as the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone axis and natriuretic peptides are initially suppressed. Based on gained insight using sodium-glucose transporter 2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors, herein, we propose a role for enhanced post-prandial proximal tubular sodium uptake, mediated by increased glucose-sodium co-transport, as daily filtered glucose increases, and reduced sodium uptake when glucose reabsorption diminishes. This phenomenon might be more pronounced in diabetics due to prolonged post-prandial hyperglycemia and intense SGLT-driven transport. Our hypothesis may also provide a physiologic basis for fasting-related reduced blood pressure in hypertension. This theory deserves challenging by experimental and clinical studies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fasting-Induced Natriuresis and SGLT: A New Hypothesis for an Old Enigma

Heyman¹,

Bursztyn²,

Szalat³

et al. 2020

Front. Endocrinol.

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“…Electrolytes are pivotal elements for cell signaling [ 174 ], homeostasis [ 175 ], and kidney function [ 176 ]. They also play a vital role in the regulation of CDs, such as cardiovascular diseases.…”

Section: Applications Of Mns In the Detection Of CD Biomarkersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Microneedle-Based Sensors for Sampling, Diagnosis and Monitoring of Chronic Diseases

et al. 2021

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Chronic diseases (CDs) are noncommunicable illnesses with long-term symptoms accounting for ~70% of all deaths worldwide. For the diagnosis and prognosis of CDs, accurate biomarker detection is essential. Currently, the detection of CD-associated biomarkers is employed through complex platforms with certain limitations in their applicability and performance. There is hence unmet need to present innovative strategies that are applicable to the point-of-care (PoC) settings, and also, provide the precise detection of biomarkers. On the other hand, especially at PoC settings, microneedle (MN) technology, which comprises micron-size needles arranged on a miniature patch, has risen as a revolutionary approach in biosensing strategies, opening novel horizons to improve the existing PoC devices. Various MN-based platforms have been manufactured for distinctive purposes employing several techniques and materials. The development of MN-based biosensors for real-time monitoring of CD-associated biomarkers has garnered huge attention in recent years. Herein, we summarize basic concepts of MNs, including microfabrication techniques, design parameters, and their mechanism of action as a biosensing platform for CD diagnosis. Moreover, recent advances in the use of MNs for CD diagnosis are introduced and finally relevant clinical trials carried out using MNs as biosensing devices are highlighted. This review aims to address the potential use of MNs in CD diagnosis.

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Function and Regulation of the Epithelial Na⁺ChannelENaC

Rotin

Staub

2021

Comprehensive Physiology

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The Epithelial Na + Channel, ENaC, comprised of 3 subunits (αβγ, or sometimes δβγENaC), plays a critical role in regulating salt and fluid homeostasis in the body. It regulates fluid reabsorption into the blood stream from the kidney to control blood volume and pressure, fluid absorption in the lung to control alveolar fluid clearance at birth and maintenance of normal airway surface liquid throughout life, and fluid absorption in the distal colon and other epithelial tissues. Moreover, recent studies have also revealed a role for sodium movement via ENaC in nonepithelial cells/tissues, such as endothelial cells in blood vessels and neurons. Over the past 25 years, major advances have been made in our understanding of ENaC structure, function, regulation, and role in human disease. These include the recently solved three-dimensional structure of ENaC, ENaC function in various tissues, and mutations in ENaC that cause a hereditary form of hypertension (Liddle syndrome), salt-wasting hypotension (PHA1), or polymorphism in ENaC that contributes to other diseases (such as cystic fibrosis). Moreover, great strides have been made in deciphering the regulation of ENaC by hormones (e.g., the mineralocorticoid aldosterone, glucocorticoids, vasopressin), ions (e.g., Na + ), proteins (e.g., the ubiquitin-protein ligase NEDD4-2, the kinases SGK1, AKT, AMPK, WNKs & mTORC2, and proteases), and posttranslational modifications [e.g., (de)ubiquitylation, glycosylation, phosphorylation, acetylation, palmitoylation]. Characterization of ENaC structure, function, regulation, and role in human disease, including using animal models, are described in this article, with a special emphasis on recent advances in the field.

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Postprandial effects on electrolyte homeostasis in the kidney

Cited by 4 publications

References 48 publications

Fasting-Induced Natriuresis and SGLT: A New Hypothesis for an Old Enigma

Fasting-Induced Natriuresis and SGLT: A New Hypothesis for an Old Enigma

Recent Advances in Microneedle-Based Sensors for Sampling, Diagnosis and Monitoring of Chronic Diseases

Function and Regulation of the Epithelial Na⁺ChannelENaC

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Postprandial effects on electrolyte homeostasis in the kidney

Cited by 4 publications

References 48 publications

Fasting-Induced Natriuresis and SGLT: A New Hypothesis for an Old Enigma

Fasting-Induced Natriuresis and SGLT: A New Hypothesis for an Old Enigma

Recent Advances in Microneedle-Based Sensors for Sampling, Diagnosis and Monitoring of Chronic Diseases

Function and Regulation of the Epithelial Na+ChannelENaC

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Function and Regulation of the Epithelial Na⁺ChannelENaC