Postprandial Hyperlipidemia and Atherosclerosis

Abstract

The development of the remnant like particle (RLP) method for conveniently measuring serum remnant lipoprotein levels in 1993 promoted much research on atherogenic significance and metabolism of remnant lipoproteins. This research brought about many results as the following. A novel apolipoprotein B48 receptor incorporating remnant lipoproteins into macrophages in arterial wall was discovered and the structure of the gene of the receptor was clarified. The expression of apolipoprotein B100 was recognized in the human small intestine, suggesting that dietary very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) might be synthesized in the human small intestine and converted into VLDL remnants and low density lipoproteins (LDL). It is recognized that the atherosclerotic risk of postprandial hyperlipidemia is derived from an increase of remnant lipoproteins and that measurement of serum RLP levels in postprandial state is more sensitive and necessary for evaluating an atherosclerotic risk because serum RLP levels remain high all day in patients with diabetes mellitus or coronary heart disease. The relation between postprandial hyperlipidemia and insulin resistance was clarified. J Atheroscler Thromb, 2004; 11: 322-329.

Messenger RNA levels of genes involved in dysregulation of postprandial lipoproteins in type 2 diabetes: the role of Niemann–Pick C1-like 1, ATP-binding cassette, transporters G5 and G8, and of microsomal triglyceride transfer protein

“…Postprandial lipoproteins are now believed to play an important role in atherosclerosis [41]. In diabetes, a condition with accelerated atherosclerosis, LDL cholesterol is frequently normal although compositional differences have been described [42].…”

Association Between Changes in Lipid Profiles and Progression of Symptomatic Intracranial Atherosclerotic Stenosis

“…4 -8 The Food and Drug Administration of the United States recognized a high remnant lipoprotein cholesterol (RLP-C) level as a coronary heart disease risk factor in 2000. 9 Thereafter, it was reported that high levels of remnant lipoproteins predicted ischemic stroke in a subgroup of patients, who were admitted for cardiac catheterization for chest pain or electrocardiographic ischemic changes, with metabolic syndrome and mild carotid atherosclerosis. 10 In a single-center cross-sectional study, in which RLP-C was measured once during an acute period of stroke, we found an association between elevated levels of RLP-C and large artery atherosclerotic stroke.…”

Influence of Aging and Menopause on Postprandial Lipoprotein Responses in Healthy Adult Women

“…RLP-C has been reported to be most important as the index of the fat load test or postprandial hyperlipemia 21) . There are also some clinical reports show- Twenty-seven healthy women fasted for 12 h overnight, and were given OFTT cream (g/kg body weight).…”