Postprandial hypoglycemic effects of mulberry twig and root bark in vivo and in vitro

Abstract

Here we explored the potency of mulberry twigs (TW) and root barks (RB) in postprandial hypoglycemic effects in vitro and in vivo. Methods: The major components of TW and RB were determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Alpha-glucosidase inhibition and glucose/fructose uptake inhibition in Caco-2 cells were determined for TW, RB, and their major components, followed by an oral sugar tolerance test (OSTT) in streptozotocininduced diabetic rats. Male Wistar rats were fed a high-fat diet for 2 weeks and then a single dose of streptozotocin (35 mg/kg B.W) was administered by intraperitoneal injection. Rats with fasting blood glucose levels above 126 mg/dL were randomly divided into 5 groups (n = 8/group) for the following treatments by gavage for 4 weeks: vehicle (normal control and diabetic control), 200 mg/kg B.W of TW or RB or 100 mg/kg B.W of oxyresveratrol (OXY). Results: OXY and mulberroside A were identified as the major components of TW and OXY, mongolicin, and kuwanon H for RB. A significant inhibitory activity on α-glucosidase was found for TW, RB, and OXY (p = 0.0099). There was a dose-dependent inhibition of TW and RB on the intestinal sugar uptakes in Caco-2 cells, showing a greater impact on fructose compared to glucose. The OSTT showed that TW and RB significantly delayed time to maximal concentration (p = 0.0088) and decreased maximal concentration (p = 0.0043) compared to the control group. Conclusion: These results suggest that TW and RB may have a postprandial hypoglycemic effect, particularly in the case of high fructose or sucrose intake. OXY was suggested as a contributor to the hypoglycemic effect of TW and RB. Further studies are needed for the systemic effect of TW and RB in circulation.

Mori Cortex Radicis Attenuates High Fat Diet-Induced Cognitive Impairment via an IRS/Akt Signaling Pathway

“…On the other hand, animals in the MCR100 and MCR200 groups exhibited lower blood glucose spikes and lower blood glucose levels than those in the HFD group. Similarly, Park et al [23] found that Mori Cortex radicis extract administered for 4 weeks effectively suppressed blood glucose in an STZ-induced mouse model of diabetes.…”

Oxyresveratrol: Sources, Productions, Biological Activities, Pharmacokinetics, and Delivery Systems

“…The postprandial hypoglycemic effects of ORV and Morus alba extracts were investigated in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats [ 85 ] and mice [ 96 ]. Oral administration of ORV reduced the fasting plasma glucose level but increased the hepatic glucose transporter 2 transcription and glycogen content, without effects on plasma insulin concentration and intestinal disaccharidase activity [ 96 ].…”

Morus Plant Genus: Superb Antidiabetic Activity and Outstanding Source of Nutrients

“…Compound 1 was most active [67] Oxyresveratrol Lowering blood glucose diabetic rats and inhibited α-glucosidase [102] Two new compounds were isolated from M. alba, with 7 known (Figure 4)…”