Postprandial lipemia as a cardiometabolic risk factor

Abstract

High levels of fasting circulating triglycerides (TG) represent an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. In western countries, however, people spend most time in postprandial conditions, with continuous fluctuation of lipemia due to increased levels of TG-rich lipoproteins (TRLs), including chylomicrons (CM), very low density lipoproteins (VLDL), and their remnants. Several factors contribute to postprandial lipid metabolism, including dietary, physiological, pathological and genetic factors. The presence of coronary heart disease, type 2 diabetes, insulin resistance and obesity is associated with higher postprandial TG levels compared with healthy conditions; this association is present also in subjects with normal fasting TG levels. Increasing evidence indicates that impaired metabolism of postprandial lipoproteins contributes to the pathogenesis of coronary artery disease, suggesting that lifestyle modifications as well as pharmacological approaches aimed at reducing postprandial TG levels might help to decrease the cardiovascular risk.

Apolipoprotein C-III: From Pathophysiology to Pharmacology

“…TG levels are commonly measured in the fasting state, but their levels increase significantly postprandially; postprandial abnormalities in TG metabolism (i.e., increased plasma TG concentrations and prolonged postprandial response after a fatty meal) are a hallmark of patients with established coronary heart disease (CHD) [8,9]. Thus, an important role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis-related diseases has been postulated for postprandial lipids [10,11].…”

Recent discoveries on absorption of dietary fat: Presence, synthesis, and metabolism of cytoplasmic lipid droplets within enterocytes

“…The postprandial triglyceridemic response includes an initial peak and a return to baseline due to rapid and efficient clearance of TAG from blood via lipoprotein lipase. The postprandial triglyceridemic response influences systemic FA and energy delivery and can also serve as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease [16]. …”

Effect of concurrent resistance and sprint training on body composition and cardiometabolic health indicators in masters cyclists

“…Elevated TG are an independant risk factor for cardiometabolic disease (Pirillo et al, 2014). In the current study, 12 weeks of either ETC training or RTC training had no significant effect on TG in masters endurance cyclists.…”