Poststorage Behavior of Apple Fruit After Low Oxygen Storage as Influenced by Temperatures During Storage and in Transit

Abstract

Delicious', 'Newtown' and 'Granny Smith' apples (Mulu.s domesficu Borkh.) maintained acceptable flesh firmness and high levels of titratable acids and soluble solids after 9 months of storage in 1% Oa at either 0°C or 3.3"C. Low-Oa-stored 'Delicious' were kept at 0°C for 6 wk without developing physiological disorders before or after 8 days of ripening at 20°C. Storage at 3.3"C caused 'Delicious' to soften faster during 6 wk of post-storage holding plus 8 days of ripening. 'Newtown' apples developed flesh browning and alcohol flavor after 9 months of low ?a, storage at 0°C. 'Newtown' fruit stored at 3.3"C developed only mmlmal incidence of flesh browning and alcohol flavor. 'Granny Smith' fruit were free from scald, core flush, flesh browning and alcohol flavor after low Oa storage, regardless of storage temperature. However, core flush and flesh browning appeared when 'Granny Smith' were kept for 6 wk at 0°C plus 8 days at 20°C.

Modified atmosphere package for apple ‘Bravo de Esmolfe’

“…The modification of carbon dioxide and oxygen concentration in the atmosphere surrounding the product allows control of microbiological growth, respiration rate, enzymatic activity and oxidation (Brecht, 1995). Apples are known to benefit greatly from controlled atmosphere (CA) storage: an extensive literature exists regarding the effects of CA on the postharvest physiology and quality attributes of apples (Ben-Arie, Levine, Sonego, & Zutkhi, 1993;Chen, Varga, Mielke, & Drake, 1989;Drake, Eisele, & Waelti, 1993;Drake & Eisele, 1994;Lau, Meheriuk, & Olsen, 1983;Little, Faragher, & Taylor, 1982). Nevertheless, since there are differences in tolerance to elevated CO 2 among apple varieties (Kader, 1989), no recommended atmosphere composition exists to be applied to all apple varieties.…”

Physiology and Prediction of Fruit Tolerance to Low-oxygen Atmospheres

“…Extensive studies have been done to investigate the effects of controlled atmospheres (CA) on postharvest physiology and quality attributes of apples (Bramlage, 1977;Chen et al, 1985Chen et al, , 1989Couey and Olsen, 1977;Dewey and Bourne, 1982;Johnson and Ertan, 1983;Lau, 1983;Lidster et al, 1983;Little et al, 1982;Liu and Ci, 1986;Porrits and Meheriuk, 1977). Beneficial effects of low-O 2 and/or high-CO 2 atmospheres on extending the storage life of apples include reduction in rates of respiration and ethylene production, color changes, and softening; maintenance of vitamins, sugars, acids, and flavor; and inhibition of some physiological disorders and decay.…”

Analysis of Variance in Nonparametric Regression Models

“…In this subsection we illustrate the method by analyzing parts of an experiment which was run by Chen et al (1989) to determine optimum storage conditions for freshly harvested red delicious apples. The apples used in this experiment were harvested on the same day from four different orchards located in the Mid-Columbia district in the Pacific Northwest of the United States.…”

“…storage after harvested (1 4 weeks) and y, the storage temperature (0, 4.4, 12.8, 20% C) which corresponds to a 4_4 factorial design. Chen et al (1989) were interested in three response variables: Y 1 , flesh firmness; Y 2 , amount of extractable juice (mlÂ100g fluid weight); Y 3 , internal ethylene composition of the apples (ppm) where the data under a particular experimental design are given by a mean of the four different orchards. The data are given in Table IV and were kindly provided by A. I. Khuri.…”