Posttraumatic Growth Following Sexual Assault

Frazier, Patricia A.; Berman, Micah L.

doi:10.1002/9781118269718.ch9

Cited by 20 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…These meaning-making processes become a part of the survivor's life narrative. Studies in the U.S. have confirmed the presence of posttraumatic growth processes in people who have experienced bereavement (Edmonds & Hooker, 1992), cancer (Cordova, Cunninham, & Carlson, 2001), the September 11th terrorist attacks (Park, Aldwin, Fenster, & Snyder, 2008), and sexual assault (Frazier & Berman, 2008). Studies in other countries have yielded divergent results.…”

Section: Posttraumatic Growthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Impact of Trauma on Therapists: Vicarious Resilience and Related Concepts in Training

Hernández

Engström

Gangsei³

2010

Journal of Systemic Therapies

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An integrative training framework articulating multiple perspectives on the impact of trauma work is offered with a training/supervision exercise to address the complex and systemic relationships that affect therapists in both positive and negative manners. The concepts of vicarious trauma, vicarious resilience, compassion fatigue, resilience, posttraumatic growth, altruism born of suffering, and reciprocity are reviewed. The paper highlights the importance of vicarious resilience as a dimension of experience that counteracts the normally occurring fatiguing processes that trauma therapists experience. This paper offers an integrative training framework that connects key concepts in trauma work: vicarious trauma, compassion fatigue, resilience, posttraumatic growth, altruism born of suffering, and vicarious resilience. It draws on the reciprocity of the therapeutic process to anchor these concepts. Vicarious resilience is highlighted as an important dimension of experience that counteracts the fatiguing processes that trauma therapists normally experience, strengthens therapists' motivation, helps them find new meanings and 67

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Section: Posttraumatic Growthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Impact of Trauma on Therapists: Vicarious Resilience and Related Concepts in Training

Hernández

Engström

Gangsei³

2010

Journal of Systemic Therapies

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“…However, we deem it potentially important for whether or not individuals will perceive a need for treatment. Indeed, given the focus of previous studies on more homogeneous samples, it may be that certain types of events or event characteristics are perceived as more stigmatizing than others (e.g., Frazier & Berman, 2008; Hoge et al 2004; Ullman, 1996); and, accordingly, individuals will be less likely to perceive a need or have a willingness to seek treatment.…”

Section: A Proposed Belief-based Model Of Preference For Exposure Thementioning

confidence: 99%

Factors associated with choice of exposure therapy for PTSD.

Jaeger¹,

Echiverri²,

Zoellner³

et al. 2010

International Journal of Behavioral Consultation and Therapy

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Exposure therapy, despite its demonstrated efficacy for chronic PTSD, remains underutilized across clinical settings. One suggested cause is that traumatized clients may not prefer exposure treatment. This paper reviews the current literature on factors associated with treatment preference for exposure therapy. Contrary to expectations, exposure-based therapy is not only perceived as a viable therapy but is well regarded among current therapy choices by potential clients. In particular, we highlight the central role of client beliefs about the need to talk about problems, the efficacy of treatment, and perceived need for help as crucial factors potentially impacting preference for exposure therapy. Importantly, fear of exposure treatment does not appear to play a significant role. To increase utilization, clinicians should provide clients information to address factors believed to increase preference for effective treatment. KeywordsExposure Therapy; Posttraumatic stress disorder; Preference In the U.S. population, lifetime prevalence rates of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) range from 7% to 8% Kessler, Sonnega, Bromet, Hughes, & Nelson, 1995) and 12-month rates approach 4% (Kessler, Chiu, Demler, & Walters, 2005). Prevalence rates among returning military veterans are estimated to reach as high as 19.9% (Hoge et al., 2004). Despite this high prevalence, only 7.1% of individuals with PTSD make treatment contact within the first year of trauma exposure (Wang, Berglund, Olfson, Pincus, Wells, & Kessler, 2005). Further, the median time to seek treatment for PTSD is twelve years after disorder onset, with only 65.3% eventually seeking treatment and only 34.4% seeing a mental health specialist (Wang et al., 2005). Thus, it is of paramount importance that we begin to better understand how to help individuals with PTSD seek clinically appropriate care.The need for such care is likely to increase in coming years given the large number of active military conflicts and peace-keeping missions currently underway. Indeed, in order to address the expected increased numbers of veterans needing empirically-supported PTSD treatment (Hoge et al., 2004; Tanaelian & Jaycox, 2008), the United States Department of Defense (DoD) and the Veterans Administration (VA) have created Mental Health Centers of Excellence and funded large-scale initiatives aimed at training practitioners to deliver evidenced-based PTSD treatment. This training largely focuses on cognitive behavioral interventions such as exposure therapy. Although a number of psychotherapies have strong efficacy data (e.g., Bradley, Green, Russ, Dutra, & Westen, 2005), the recent Institute of Medicine (IOM, 2007) report on PTSD treatment concluded that the only sufficiently validated treatment for PTSD at the present time is exposure therapy. Indeed, the efficacy of exposure treatment has been strongly replicated across gender and types of trauma (e.g., Foa Marks et al., 1998;Resick et al., 2003;Rothbaum et al., 2005;Schnurr et al., 2007;Tarrier et al., 1999;Tay...

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“…Evidence is inconsistent regarding the development of PTG among sexual assault survivors, and the relationship between PTG and stress reactions (Frazier & Berman, 2008;Grubaugh & Resick, 2007;Lehman et al, 1993;Tedeschi & Calhoun, 2004;Wild & Paivio, 2004). Frazier and Berman (2008) and Frazier et al (2001) reported a significant inverse relationship between posttraumatic stress symptoms and positive life changes over time. However, Kleim and Ehlers (2009) found a curvilinear relationship between depression and PTG in sexual assault survivors.…”

mentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Studies of sexual assault survivors supported these findings. The role of external factors such as support systems as well as individual characteristics such as coping style and optimism were also important in the development of PTG among sexual assault survivors (Borja, Callahan, & Long, 2006;Brewin, Andrews, & Valentine, 2000;Frazier & Berman, 2008). Cole and Lynn's (2010) study reported that predictors of PTG included the personality disposition of hardiness as well as acceptance coping.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A number of studies examined the correlates of positive health outcomes reported by trauma survivors as well as the influence that these might have on negative posttraumatic health (Cabral, Clarke, & Stermac, 2010;Frazier & Berman, 2008). Tedeschi and Calhoun's (2004) review of PTG identified individual personal characteristics such as openness to experience, the availability of broad support systems, and the use of specific appraisal strategies as important in the development of positive posttraumatic mental health and PTG.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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