Posttraumatic growth (PTG) and posttraumatic depreciation (PTD) across ten countries: Global validation of the PTG-PTD theoretical model

Taku, Kanako; Tedeschi, Richard G.; Shakespeare‐Finch, Jane; Krosch, Daniel; David, Georgina; Kehl, Doris; Grunwald, Selina; Romeo, Annunziata; Tella, Marialaura Di; Kamibeppu, Kiyoko; Soejima, Takafumi; Hiraki, K.; Volgin, Rebekah; Dhakal, Sandesh; Zięba, Mariusz; Ramos, Catarina; Nunes, Romina; Leal, Isabel; Gouveia, Patrícia; Silva, Carolina C.; Chaves, Pamela Núñez Del Prado; Zavala, Claudia; Paz, Andrea; Şenol-Durak, Emre; Oshio, Atsushi; Canevello, Amy; Cann, Arnie; Calhoun, Lawrence G.

doi:10.1016/j.paid.2020.110222

Cited by 73 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Recent authors found the independence of these two constructs, which could also have different correlates and lead to opposite wellbeing outcomes [90]. Researchers should treat these as parallel but independent experiences after trauma, which are uniquely related to the well-being of trauma survivors [91].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Posttraumatic growth and well-being among people living with HIV: A systematic review and meta-analysis in recognition of 40 years of HIV/AIDS

Pięta

Rzeszutek

2021

Qual Life Res

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Objectives This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to synthesize, analyze, and critically review existing studies on the relationship between posttraumatic growth (PTG) and psychological well-being (operationalized either via positive or negative well-being indicators) among people living with HIV (PLWH). We also investigated whether this association varies as a function of socio-demographic, clinical characteristics, and study publication year. Method We conducted a structured literature search on Web of Science, Scopus, MedLine, PsyARTICLES, ProQuest, and Google Scholar. The most important inclusion criteria encompassed quantitative and peer-reviewed articles published in English. Results After selection, we accepted 27 articles for further analysis (N = 6333 participants). Eight studies used positive indicators of well-being. The other 19 studies focused on negative indicators of well-being. Meta-analysis revealed that there was a negative weak-size association between PTG and negative well-being indicators (r = − 0.18, 95% CI [− 0.23; − 0.11]) and a positive medium-size association between PTG and positive well-being measures (r = 0.35, 95% CI [0.21; 0.47]). We detected no moderators. Conclusions The present meta-analysis and systematic review revealed expected negative and positive associations between PTG and negative versus positive well-being indicators among PLWH. Specifically, the relationship between PTG and positive well-being indicators was more substantial than the link between PTG and negative well-being measures in these patients. Finally, observed high heterogeneity between studies and several measurement problems call for significant modification and improvement of PTG research among PLWH.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Posttraumatic growth and well-being among people living with HIV: A systematic review and meta-analysis in recognition of 40 years of HIV/AIDS

Pięta

Rzeszutek

2021

Qual Life Res

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“…Aforementioned models of PTG have been studied intensely in recent years (Infurna & Jayawickreme, 2019;Taku et al, 2020). Nevertheless, some alternative theoretical explanations of PTG still have not been addressed adequately in the literature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trajectories of Posttraumatic Growth Following HIV Infection: Does One PTG Pattern Exist?

Rzeszutek

Gruszczyńska

2021

J Happiness Stud

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The aim of this study was to examine the heterogeneity of change of posttraumatic growth (PTG) among people living with HIV (PLWH) in a 1-year prospective study. The goal was also to identify sociodemographic and clinical covariates and differences in baseline coping strategies. Particularly, time since diagnosis and positive reframing coping were of special interest. The sample consisted of 115 people with medically confirmed diagnosis of HIV infection. The participants filled out paper-and-pencil questionnaires three times with an interval of 6 months, including also sociodemographic and clinical data. Four trajectories of PTG were identified: curvilinear, low stable, high stable, and rapid change. Participants’ gender, education level, CD4 count and time since HIV diagnosis occurred to be significant covariates of class membership. Positive reframing and self-distraction differentiated only between the high stable and the rapid change trajectory, with lower values in the latter. The study results call for attention to the complexity of PTG patterns in a face of struggling with HIV infection. Specifically, interventions in clinical practice should take into account the fact that there is no single pattern of PTG that fits all PLWH and that these differences may be related to the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics as well as to coping strategies representing meaning-making mechanism.

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“…Moreover, our assessment did not cover the possibility of simultaneous positive and negative change in the same domain, i.e., survivors might experience an increased sense of reliability of certain others (positive change), but feel disappointed by others (negative change). The newly developed Posttraumatic Growth and Posttraumatic Depreciation Inventory-Expanded version (PTGDI-X, [ 14 ]) offers a validated assessment of positive and negative perceived changes after stressful life events.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This finding may relate to the different psychological underpinnings of perceived positive change, but also to assessment and methodological issues [ 5 ]. Researchers have thus turned away from the exclusive study of positive personality change after stressful life events, and increasingly focus on coexisting positive and negative changes in domains of potential personal growth [ 13 , 14 ]. In this regard, modifications of assessment procedures have been proposed which allow individuals to rate positive or negative changes in each life domain covered by the particular instrument [ 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perceived Positive and Negative Life Changes in Testicular Cancer Survivors

et al. 2021

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Background and objectives: Despite a generally good prognosis, testicular cancer can be a life-altering event. We explored perceived positive and negative life changes after testicular cancer in terms of frequency, demographic and disease-related predictors, and associations with depression and anxiety. Materials and methods: All testicular cancer survivors receiving follow-up care at two specialized outpatient treatment facilities were approached at follow-up visits or via mail. We assessed a total of N = 164 patients (66% participation rate, mean time since diagnosis: 11.6 years, SD = 7.4) by the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI, modified version assessing positive and negative changes for each of 21 items), Patient-Health-Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), and Generalized-Anxiety-Disorder-Scale-7 (GAD-7). We conducted controlled multivariate regression analyses. Results: Most survivors (87%) reported at least one positive change (mean number: 7.2, SD = 5.0, possible range: 0–21). The most frequent perceived positive changes were greater appreciation of life (62%), changed priorities in life (62%), and ability rely on others (51%). At least one negative change was perceived by 33% (mean number of changes: 1.1, SD = 2.5). Negative changes were most frequent for decreases in self-reliance (14%), personal strength (11%), and ability to express emotions (9%). A higher socioeconomic status was associated with more positive changes (β = 0.25, 95% CI 0.08 to 0.42); no other association with demographic and disease-related predictors emerged. While positive life changes were not associated with depression (β = −0.05, 95% CI −0.17 to 0.07) and anxiety (β = 0.00, 95% CI −0.13 to 0.13), more negative life changes were significantly associated with higher depression (β = 0.15, 95% CI −0.03 to 0.27) and anxiety (β = 0.23, 95% CI 0.11 to 0.36). There was no significant interaction of positive and negative changes on depression or anxiety. Conclusions: Although positive life changes after testicular cancer are common, a significant number of survivors perceive negative changes in life domains that have been primarily investigated in terms of personal growth. Early identification of and psychosocial support for patients who perceive predominantly negative changes may contribute to prevention of prolonged symptoms of anxiety and depression.

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Posttraumatic growth (PTG) and posttraumatic depreciation (PTD) across ten countries: Global validation of the PTG-PTD theoretical model

Cited by 73 publications

References 26 publications

Posttraumatic growth and well-being among people living with HIV: A systematic review and meta-analysis in recognition of 40 years of HIV/AIDS

Posttraumatic growth and well-being among people living with HIV: A systematic review and meta-analysis in recognition of 40 years of HIV/AIDS

Trajectories of Posttraumatic Growth Following HIV Infection: Does One PTG Pattern Exist?

Perceived Positive and Negative Life Changes in Testicular Cancer Survivors

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