Posttraumatic Reconstruction of the Hand—A Retrospective Review of 87 Toe-to-Hand Transfers Compared With an Earlier Report

Reconstruction of digit planer injuries using component transfer of double second toes: A case report

“…This concept is well known but rarely reported in the literature with such lengthy follow‐up and detailed outcomes measures. Previous reports failed to include comprehensive outcome measures such as PROMIS subscales and EuroQol (Garagnani et al, ; Gu et al, ; Hierner & Berger, ; Kotkansalo et al, ; Kvernmo & Tsai, ; Lee et al, ; Tonkin et al, ; Tsubokawa et al, ; Venkatramani et al, ; Wallace & Wei, ; Zhao et al, ). Others utilized different outcome measures such as the Tamai (Kotkansalo et al, ; Venkatramani et al, ) scoring system, Sollerman (Kotkansalo et al, ) hand function test, Cold Intolerance Severity Score (Gu et al, ), or the Oxford Ankle Foot Questionnaire (Garagnani et al, ).…”

“…Others utilized different outcome measures such as the Tamai (Kotkansalo et al, ; Venkatramani et al, ) scoring system, Sollerman (Kotkansalo et al, ) hand function test, Cold Intolerance Severity Score (Gu et al, ), or the Oxford Ankle Foot Questionnaire (Garagnani et al, ). Many failed to include foot outcomes altogether (Gu et al, ; Hierner & Berger, ; Kotkansalo et al, ; Kvernmo & Tsai, ; Lee et al, ; Tonkin et al, ; Tsubokawa et al, ; Venkatramani et al, ; Wallace & Wei, ; Zhao et al, ). Some used visual analog scale scores to assess patient satisfaction with flap or toe appearance (Gu et al, ; Kotkansalo et al, ).…”

“…In the mutilated hand, options such as amputation, metacarpal lengthening, osteoplastic reconstruction, and free‐tissue transfer enable surgeons to develop case‐specific treatment plans. For extensively injured digits, the ideal option is to replace “like” tissues with “like.” When amputated parts cannot be salvaged, microsurgical transfer of toes can allow for restoration of function and form (Herrera, Lee, Brooks, Buntic, & Buncke, ; Kvernmo & Tsai, ; Lutz & Wei, ; Tsubokawa, Yoshizu, & Maki, ). However, when complex injury patterns produce anatomic component‐specific defects, the in toto transfer of toes may not be necessary.…”

One-stage cosmetic finger reconstruction using a second toe island flap containing terminal branches of the toe artery

“…Free toe transfer has become a preferred method of thumb and finger reconstruction and generally yields good functional results [1,10,23,24]. While initially secondary transfer was commonly performed, study has shown that primary transfer results in comparable outcomes and reduces the need for a second surgery [25].…”

Full-Length Finger Reconstruction for Proximal Amputation With Expanded Wraparound Great Toe Flap and Vascularized Second Toe Joint

“…These distinct advantages not only make toe-tohand transfer an acceptable approach, but also make it the method of choice for digit reconstruction. [3][4][5] As compared with thumb, finger reconstruction using toe transplantation was not well accepted and somewhat controversial for 2 reasons 6-8 : (1) the minimal functional deficit and the possibility of functional compensation in some cases make sacrificing a toe for finger reconstruction appear unjustifiable; (2) it is technically challenging to achieve a satisfactory reconstruction of a finger with an aesthetic appearance and adequate function at the same time.…”