Posttraumatic Stress Disorders in Civilian Orthopaedics

Depression and psychiatric disease associated with outcomes after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction

“…For instance, many studies have noted an elevated incidence of preoperative anxiety disorders in orthopaedic patients such as those with osteonecrosis of the femoral head[66-68], which have led to worse patient reported outcomes for joint replacement patients[69-72]. Others have noted that anxiety disorders, such as posttraumatic stress disorder have led to worse clinical outcome following lower extremity orthopedic surgery for patients[73-76]. …”

Self Perceptions as Predictors for Return to Work 2 Years After Rehabilitation in Orthopedic Trauma Inpatients

“…For instance, subjective perception of pain, self-assessment of physical status [7], patient beliefs [8] and catastrophising [9, 10] as well as fear avoidance [11] are good predictors of disease chronicity and, consequently, RTW. Finally, post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), which was initially studied in soldiers, is also present in patients with musculoskeletal trauma (for a review see [12]) and some studies have shown that PTSD is associated with return to work in patients with hand injury [13, 14] and burns [15] but these results were not reproduced by others in trauma patients [16]. This important issue remains to be investigated more thoroughly.…”

The Influence of Musculoskeletal Conditions, Behavioral Health Diagnoses, and Demographic Factors on Injury-Related Outcome in a High-Demand Population

“…Although some studies contend that access to health care, quality of treatment, and the nature of injury are factors predictive of outcomes 1,4,8 , others have indicated that socioeconomic status, social support systems, and educational level of the injured are disproportionately responsible for the capacity to return to work [2][3][4]8 . Behavioral health conditions, in particular, have been increasingly recognized as comorbid factors that not only elevate the risk of traumatic injury, but also have a depreciative effect on post-injury results 2,3,[7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] .…”