Postural muscle atrophy prevention and recovery and bone remodelling through high frequency proprioception for astronauts

Riva, Dario; Rossitto, Franco; Battocchio, Luciano

doi:10.1016/j.actaastro.2009.03.023

Cited by 13 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The joint position sense and the joint movement sense are the expressions of the conscious component, whereas postural control is mainly based on the unconscious component ( 36 ). Proprioceptive control is the expression of the effectiveness of the stabilizing reflexes in controlling vertical stability ( 38 ). Single stance stability should be based on proprioceptive control (minimizing the visual and vestibular contribution) to guarantee the safety of basic movements such as walking, running, jumping, and performing refined motor skills while keeping the fluency of movements.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Single stance stability should be based on proprioceptive control (minimizing the visual and vestibular contribution) to guarantee the safety of basic movements such as walking, running, jumping, and performing refined motor skills while keeping the fluency of movements. In fact, world and Olympic champions of ground sports have very refined proprioceptive control in single stance ( 38 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In our opinion, an exercise should be classified by characterizing the mechanical typology of the instability, the presence of an enhancer of the instability frequency, the tasks assigned to the subject, and the expected quantifiable outcomes. In this study, the requested outcome was a significant improvement in single stance stability by refining proprioceptive control ( 38 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Proprioceptive Training and Injury Prevention in a Professional Men's Basketball Team

Riva

Bianchi²,

Rocca³

et al. 2016

Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research

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121

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Riva, D, Bianchi, R, Rocca, F, and Mamo, C. Proprioceptive training and injury prevention in a professional men's basketball team: A six-year prospective study. J Strength Cond Res 30(2): 461–475, 2016—Single limb stance instability is a risk factor for lower extremity injuries. Therefore, the development of proprioception may play an important role in injury prevention. This investigation considered a professional basketball team for 6 years, integrating systematic proprioceptive activity in the training routine. The purpose was to assess the effectiveness of proprioceptive training programs based on quantifiable instability, to reduce ankle sprains, knee sprains, and low back pain through developing refined and long-lasting proprioceptive control. Fifty-five subjects were studied. In the first biennium (2004–2006), the preventive program consisted of classic proprioceptive exercises. In the second biennium (2006–2008), the proprioceptive training became quantifiable and interactive by means of electronic proprioceptive stations. In the third biennium (2008–2010), the intensity and the training volume increased while the session duration became shorter. Analysis of variance was used to analyze the differences in proprioceptive control between groups, years, and bienniums. Injury rates and rate ratios of injury during practices and games were estimated. The results showed a statistically significant reduction in the occurrence of ankle sprains by 81% from the first to the third biennium (p < 0.001). Low back pain showed similar results with a reduction of 77.8% (p < 0.005). The reduction in knee sprains was 64.5% (not significant). Comparing the third biennium with the level of all new entry players, proprioceptive control improved significantly by 72.2% (p < 0.001). These findings indicate that improvements in proprioceptive control in single stance may be a key factor for an effective reduction in ankle sprains, knee sprains, and low back pain.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Proprioceptive Training and Injury Prevention in a Professional Men's Basketball Team

Riva

Bianchi²,

Rocca³

et al. 2016

Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research

Self Cite

121

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…For the above reasons, single stance stability could be the key element of the effectiveness and safety of antigravity movements, and the very refined single stance stability of world and Olympic champions [33] enforces this hypothesis. Postural stability has been measured in different sensory conditions (with eyes open and closed, on firm and compliant surfaces) and in different stances (double or single).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single Stance Stability and Proprioceptive Control in Older Adults Living at Home: Gender and Age Differences

Riva¹,

Mamo

Fanì

et al. 2013

Journal of Aging Research

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In developed countries, falls in older people represent a rising problem. As effective prevention should start before the risk becomes evident, an early predictor is needed. Single stance instability would appear as a major risk factor. Aims of the study were to describe single stance stability, its sensory components, and their correlation with age and gender. A random sample of 597 older adults (319 men, 278 women) living at home, aged 65–84, was studied. Stability tests were performed with an electronic postural station. The single stance test showed the impairment of single stance stability in older individuals (75–84 yrs). The significant decline of stability in the older subjects may be explained by the impairment of proprioceptive control together with the decrease in compensatory visual stabilization and emergency responses. Younger subjects (65–74 yrs) exhibited better, but still inadequate, proprioceptive control with compensatory visual stabilization. Gender differences appeared in older subjects: women were significantly less stable than men. The measurement of the sensory components of single stance stability could aid in the early detection of a decay in antigravity movements many years before the risk of falling becomes evident. Adequate proprioceptive control could mitigate the effects of all other risks of falling.

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“…Complex space environment, including microgravity (MG), strong radiation, and high noise, could lead to multi-system damage of organisms. It was reported that microgravity or simulated microgravity (SMG) might cause muscle atrophy [ 1 , 2 ], bone loss [ 3 , 4 ], cardiovascular dysfunction [ 5 , 6 ], nervous system damage [ 7 , 8 ], immune function attenuation [ 9 , 10 ], intestinal barrier destruction [ 11 , 12 , 13 ], and so on. Therefore, looking for counter measures against the physio-pathological changes induced by microgravity has always been an important research topic [ 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation on Intestinal Proteins and Drug Metabolizing Enzymes in Simulated Microgravity Rats by a Proteomics Method

Liu

Guo

et al. 2020

Molecules

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The present study aimed to investigate the change of intestinal mucosa proteins, especially the alteration of intestinal drug metabolizing enzymes (IDMEs) following 14-day simulated microgravity. Morey–Holton tail-suspension analog was used to simulate microgravity. Intestinal mucosa proteins of rats were determined by label-free quantitative proteomic strategy. A total of 335 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified, 190 DEPs were upregulated, and 145 DEPs were downregulated. According to bioinformatic analysis, most of DEPs exhibited hydrolase, oxidoreductase, transferase, ligase, or lyase catalytic activity. DEPs were mainly enriched in metabolic pathways, including metabolism of amino acid, glucose, and carbon. Moreover, 11 of DEPs were involved in exogenous drug and xenobiotics metabolism. Owing to the importance of IDMEs for the efficacy and safety of oral drugs, the expression of cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2), CYP2D1, CYP3A2, CYP2E1, alcohol dehydrogenase 1 (ADH1), and glutathione S-transferase mu 5 (GSTM5) in rat intestine mucosa was determined by Western-blot. The activity of ADH, aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) and GST was evaluated. Compared with control rats, the expression of CYP1A2, CYP2D1, CYP3A2, and ADH1 in the simulated microgravity (SMG) group of rats were dramatically decreased by 33.16%, 21.93%, 48.49%, and 22.83%, respectively. GSTM5 was significantly upregulated by 53.14% and CYP2E1 expression did not show a dramatical change in SMG group rats. Moreover, 14-day SMG reduced ADH activity, while ALDH and GST activities was not altered remarkably. It could be concluded that SMG dramatically affected the expression and activity of some IDMEs, which might alter the efficacy or safety of their substrate drugs under microgravity. The present study provided some preliminary information on IDMEs under microgravity. It revealed the potential effect of SMG on intestinal metabolism, which may be helpful to understand the intestinal health of astronauts and medication use.

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Postural muscle atrophy prevention and recovery and bone remodelling through high frequency proprioception for astronauts

Cited by 13 publications

References 7 publications

Proprioceptive Training and Injury Prevention in a Professional Men's Basketball Team

Proprioceptive Training and Injury Prevention in a Professional Men's Basketball Team

Single Stance Stability and Proprioceptive Control in Older Adults Living at Home: Gender and Age Differences

Investigation on Intestinal Proteins and Drug Metabolizing Enzymes in Simulated Microgravity Rats by a Proteomics Method

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