Postural responses to low-intensity, short-duration, galvanic vestibular stimulation as a possible differential diagnostic procedure

Rinalduzzi, Steno; Cipriani, Anna Maria; Capozza, M.; Accornero, N.

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0404.2010.01349.x

Cited by 15 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The peak postural response to GVS was defined as the difference between the peak COP position in the medial-lateral direction during the 5 s GVS stimulus period and the average COP position calculated over the 2 s prestimulus period in this study, which is commonly used to assess the magnitude of postural responses to GVS [ 27 , 28 , 31 ]. It was calculated by subtracting the average value during the prestimulus period from the peak value during the stimulus period.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Balter et al observed that GVS-induced body sway in adult women was significantly greater than that in both gymnasts and untrained adolescents [ 25 ], but the differences in GVS-induced body sway between carsick and healthy subjects were not significant [ 26 ]. Rinalduzzi et al discovered that patients with polyneuropathy had significantly greater postural responses to GVS in comparison with healthy subjects, which suggested that GVS can be useful in detecting people with different vestibular functions [ 27 ]. Tax et al found similar results, reporting that the magnitude of body deviation induced by GVS for patients with bilateral vestibular failure was significantly smaller than that of healthy people, and concluded that GVS is a viable noninvasive method for assessing vestibular function [ 28 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of Postural Responses to Galvanic Vestibular Stimulation between Pilots and the General Populace

Yang

et al. 2015

BioMed Research International

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Galvanic vestibular stimulation (GVS) can be used to study the body's response to vestibular stimuli. This study aimed to investigate whether postural responses to GVS were different between pilots and the general populace. Bilateral bipolar GVS was applied with a constant-current profile to 12 pilots and 12 control subjects via two electrodes placed over the mastoid processes. Both GVS threshold and the center of pressure's trajectory (COP's trajectory) were measured. Position variability of COP during spontaneous body sway and peak displacement of COP during GVS-induced body sway were calculated in the medial-lateral direction. Spontaneous body sway was slight for all subjects, and there was no significant difference in the value of COP position variability between the pilots and controls. Both the GVS threshold and magnitude of GVS-induced body deviation were similar for different GVS polarities. GVS thresholds were similar between the two groups, but the magnitude of GVS-induced body deviation in the controls was significantly larger than that in the pilots. The pilots showed less GVS-induced body deviation, meaning that pilots may have a stronger ability to suppress vestibular illusions.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Postural Responses to Galvanic Vestibular Stimulation between Pilots and the General Populace

Yang

et al. 2015

BioMed Research International

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“…Activation of the vestibular system can be made also by galvanic vestibular stimulation (GVS), which allows modulation of vestibular nerve firing rate. When applied to an upright subject, bimastoid GVS induces postural sway, according to head position, towards the side of the anodal electrode [ 24 ]. PD subjects as a group produce postural responses to GVS of normal amplitude, latency, and direction of the induced body sway, but when they were subdivided into two subgroups according to a clinical assessment of postural deficit, the more disabled subgroup responded with increased body speed than either controls or the mildly affected patient subgroup.…”

Section: Sensory Organization: Visual Vestibular and Somatosensomentioning

confidence: 99%

Balance Dysfunction in Parkinson’s Disease

Rinalduzzi

Trompetto

Marinelli

et al. 2015

BioMed Research International

112

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Stability and mobility in functional motor activities depend on a precise regulation of phasic and tonic muscular activity that is carried out automatically, without conscious awareness. The sensorimotor control of posture involves a complex integration of multisensory inputs that results in a final motor adjustment process. All or some of the components of this system may be dysfunctional in Parkinsonian patients, rendering postural instability one of the most disabling features of Parkinson's disease (PD). Balance control is critical for moving safely in and adapting to the environment. PD induces a multilevel impairment of this function, therefore worsening the patients' physical and psychosocial disability. In this review, we describe the complex ways in which PD impairs posture and balance, collecting and reviewing the available experimental evidence.

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“…47 The greater efficiency of L-GVS versus R-GVS in modulating APS probably results from the asymmetry of the cortical vestibular system. 48 Here galvanic inhibition of the left vestibular nerve with excitation of the right vestibular nerve (right-cathodal/leftanodal GVS) results in right vestibular cortex activation, whereas galvanic inhibition of the right vestibular nerve with excitation of the left vestibular nerve (left-cathodal/ right-anodal GVS) 49 activates vestibular cortices bilaterally, at least in healthy participants. 47 Thus, it is conceivable that L-GVS leads to a more widespread cerebral activation in both hemispheres, which could partially compensate for the effects of the typically large brain lesions 28 in patients with left neglect.…”

Section: Vestibular Modulation Of Apsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Galvanic Vestibular Stimulation Improves Arm Position Sense in Spatial Neglect

Schmidt

Keller

Utz

et al. 2013

Neurorehabil Neural Repair

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Background. Disturbed arm position sense (APS) is a frequent and debilitating condition in patients with hemiparesis after stroke. Patients with neglect, in particular, show a significantly impaired contralesional APS. Currently, there is no treatment available for this disorder. Galvanic vestibular stimulation (GVS) may ameliorate neglect and extinction by activating the thalamocortical network. Objective. The present study aimed to investigate the immediate effects and aftereffects (AEs; 20 minutes) of subsensory, bipolar GVS (M = 0.6 mA current intensity) on APS in stroke patients with versus without spatial neglect and matched healthy controls. Methods. A novel optoelectronic arm position device was developed, enabling the precise measurement of the horizontal APS of both arms. In all, 10 healthy controls, 7 patients with left-sided hemiparesis and left-spatial neglect, and 15 patients with left hemiparesis but without neglect were tested. Horizontal APS was measured separately for both forearms under 4 experimental conditions (baseline without GVS, left-cathodal/right-anodal GVS, right-cathodal/left-anodal GVS, sham GVS). The immediate effects during GVS and the AEs 20 minutes after termination of GVS were examined. Results. Patients with neglect showed an impaired contralateral APS in contrast to patients without neglect and healthy controls. Left-cathodal/right-anodal GVS improved left APS significantly, which further improved into the normal range 20 minutes poststimulation. GVS had no effect in patients without neglect but right-cathodal/left-anodal GVS worsened left APS in healthy participants significantly. Conclusions. GVS can significantly improve the impaired APS in neglect. Multisession GVS can be tested to induce enduring therapeutic effects.

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Postural responses to low-intensity, short-duration, galvanic vestibular stimulation as a possible differential diagnostic procedure

Cited by 15 publications

References 24 publications

Comparison of Postural Responses to Galvanic Vestibular Stimulation between Pilots and the General Populace

Comparison of Postural Responses to Galvanic Vestibular Stimulation between Pilots and the General Populace

Balance Dysfunction in Parkinson’s Disease

Galvanic Vestibular Stimulation Improves Arm Position Sense in Spatial Neglect

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