Postvaricella Thrombosis—Report of Two Cases and Literature Review

Rabah, Fatma; El‐Banna, Nagwa; AbdelBaki, Mohamed S.; Beshlavi, Ismail; Macaraig, Divina; Bhuyan, Depali; Al-Hinai, Mohamed; Al-Mashaikhi, Nawal; Wasifuddin, Shah Mohamed; Tomas, Eileen; Pathare, Anil

doi:10.1097/inf.0b013e31825c7993

Cited by 12 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…One case study has reported postvaricella lower limb deep venous thrombosis in two children in Oman. [ 36 ] The author highlighted the importance of varicella vaccination of children, especially those identified with protein S deficiency. [ 36 ] Another case study reported the serious complications resulted from primary VZV infection in a patient undergoing hemodialysis.…”

Section: Omanmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[ 36 ] The author highlighted the importance of varicella vaccination of children, especially those identified with protein S deficiency. [ 36 ] Another case study reported the serious complications resulted from primary VZV infection in a patient undergoing hemodialysis. [ 37 ] The patient was a 70-year-old male presented with end-stage renal disease on hemodialysis; he was diagnosed for VZV encephalitis and was treated with intravenous acyclovir and steroids with full recovery back to preadmission neurological status.…”

Section: Omanmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[ 37 ] In Oman, varicella vaccination was introduced into the compulsory vaccination schedule in 2010. [ 36 ]…”

Section: Omanmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Varicella infection in the Middle East: Prevalence, complications, and vaccination

Al-Turab

Chehadeh

2018

J Res Med Sci

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Varicella (chickenpox) is the primary infection of varicella-zoster virus (VZV), it is a mild self-limiting infection, but it is also highly contagious and can cause severe complications among high-risk group of individuals. It is usually a childhood infection providing lifelong immunity, but adults without varicella history are also susceptible to infection. High-risk group of individuals is more likely to develop serious complications. Varicella vaccine was introduced to protect this group of individuals and to prevent epidemic spread of VZV infection in a community. Thus, it was added to the recommended vaccination schedules for children in most developed countries. This review aimed to outline varicella status, seroprevalence, complications, and vaccination in the Middle East region. Based on our findings, children were the most affected age group, but there are also adult cases due to high number of expatriates, especially in Gulf Cooperation Council countries. Central nervous system involvements and skin diseases followed by varicella pneumonia were the most varicella-associated complications. Varicella vaccine was introduced in most Middle East countries, either mandatory by the Ministries of Health or optional in the private clinics. Few numbers of studies have reported an obvious reduction in varicella prevalence, hospitalizations, and deaths in the Middle East following varicella vaccination. A basic database about varicella infection before the initiation and implementation of a vaccination policy is essential to determine the target group of individuals. As far as our knowledge, this is the first review about varicella infection in the Middle East.

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Section: Omanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Omanmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Varicella infection in the Middle East: Prevalence, complications, and vaccination

Al-Turab

Chehadeh

2018

J Res Med Sci

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“…Of two of these cases described by Rabah and colleagues [43], case 1 was a 10-year-old girl who developed varicella followed 2 weeks later by left leg pain and swelling. Doppler ultrasound revealed a thrombus extending along the left iliac, left superficial femoral vein and popliteal vein.…”

Section: Peripheral Thrombotic Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Update on Varicella Zoster Virus Vasculopathy

Nagel

Gilden

2014

Curr Infect Dis Rep

104

122

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Primary infection of humans with varicella zoster virus (VZV) causes varicella (chickenpox), after which virus becomes latent in cranial nerve ganglia, dorsal root ganglia and autonomic ganglia along the entire neuraxis. As VZV-specific cell-mediated immunity declines in elderly and immunocompromised individuals, VZV reactivates from one or more ganglia and typically causes herpes zoster (shingles). Zoster may also be complicated by VZV vasculopathy due to productive virus infection of cerebral arteries. In recent decades, the clinical spectrum of VZV vasculopathy has expanded to include not only transient ischemic attacks and ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke, but also multifocal VZV vasculopathy, with temporal artery infection mimicking giant cell arteritis, extracranial vasculopathy, aneurysm with and without subarachnoid hemorrhage, arterial dissection and dolichoectasia, ischemic cranial neuropathies, cerebral venous sinus thrombosis, spinal cord infarction and peripheral thrombotic disease.

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“…6,7 A number of case reports have also identified a potential association between varicella and VTE. 8,9 Further, Zhu et al's 2009 study showed influenza vaccination is associated with reduced risk of VTE. 10 Sepsis has also been shown to increase thrombosis and VTE risk.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%