Potassium Sodium Niobate-Based Lead-Free Piezoelectric Multilayer Ceramics Co-Fired with Nickel Electrodes

Kawada, Shinichiro; Hayashi, Hiroyuki; Ishii, Hideki; Kimura, Masahiko; Andõ, Akira; Omiya, Suetake; Kubodera, Noriyuki

doi:10.3390/ma8115389

Cited by 18 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 90 publications

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“…Yesner extensively studied the low temperature sintering and compatibility of Bi-based piezoelectric ceramics and copper 61) This study used the composition 0.96(K 0.5 Na 0.5 )NbO 3 -0.04 CaZrO 3 with an additional 3 mol% ZrO 2 and 5 mol% Mn as sintering aids to improve the relative density to 98% as well as the resistivity of ceramic. For the multilayer structure, ε r = 640, k p = 0.34, P r = 9.6 μC cm −2 , and E c = 1.5 kV mm −1 were reported [Figs.…”

Section: Low Temprature Sintering Of Pb-free Piezoelectric Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5. (a) Polarization versus electric field for BNT-BKT-BT ceramic sintered with various temperatures and atmospheres 59) ; (b) dielectric constant and loss for KNN-based MLC ceramic co-fired with Cu electrode in a controlled-oxygen atmosphere 60) ; (c) optical photograph and (d) polarization versus electric field for KNN-based MLA co-fired with Ni electrode 61).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Advances in development of Pb-free piezoelectric materials for transducer applications

Safari

Zhou

Zeng

et al. 2023

Jpn. J. Appl. Phys.

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Pb-based ferroelectrics and piezoelectrics in the form of bulk polycrystalline, textured ceramics, single crystals, and composites, have been used in sensors, actuators, and other electromechanical devices. However, the toxicity of these materials has been a major concern around the globe for the past few decades. The report of high piezoelectric activity in the BaTiO3 (BT), (Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3 (BNT), and (K0.5,Na0.5)NbO3 (KNN) and binary and ternary systems with other compounds have given hopes for alternatives to Pb-based materials. Recent modifications of KNN-based compositions with BaZrO3 in combination with (Bi0.5,K0.5)Hf O3 result in excellent electromechanical properties. Therefore, increased research in Pb-free materials brings hope for practical applications close to reality. In this review article, the recent developments on BT, BNT, and KNN-based soft and hard Pb-free piezoelectric compositions with a range of electromechanical properties for transducer applications will be reviewed. Several examples in the development of lead-free high-frequency ultrasound transducers will be presented.

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Section: Low Temprature Sintering Of Pb-free Piezoelectric Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in development of Pb-free piezoelectric materials for transducer applications

Safari

Zhou

Zeng

et al. 2023

Jpn. J. Appl. Phys.

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“…Lead-free KNNT-0.055BZ + 0.03Zr + yMn (y = 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9) piezoelectric ceramics were prepared by conventional solid-state reaction method. Nonstoichiometric 0.03 mol ZrO 2 is co-doped in the 0.945K 0.48 Na 0.52 Nb 0.96 Ta 0.04 O 3 -0.055BaZrO 3 system to improve its anti-reduction properties [14]. Powders of BaCO 3 , Nb 2 O 5 , Na 2 CO 3 , K 2 CO 3 , ZrO 2 , MnCO 3 , and Ta 2 O 5 (analytically pure) were weighed out.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneously improving piezoelectric properties and temperature stability of Na0.5K0.5NbO3 (KNN)-based ceramics sintered in reducing atmosphere

Cen

Bian

et al. 2021

J Adv Ceram

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It is a very difficult work to sinter K0.5Na0.5NbO3 (KNN)-based materials with good reduction resistance in strong reducing atmosphere. 0.945K0.48Na0.52Nb0.96Ta0.04O3−0.055BaZrO3 + 0.03ZrO2 + y mol%MnO (KNNT−0.055BZ + 0.03Zr + yMn) ceramics sintered in reducing atmosphere were prepared successfully by conventional solid-state reaction methods. MnO dopant increases grain size at y = 5–8 due to strong lattice distortion and then decreases grain size at y = 9 due to much Mn4Nb2O9 accumulated at the grain boundary. MnO dopant as an excellent sintering aid can effectively reduce volatilization of alkali metal by decreasing the sintering temperature (Tsinter). Reducing alkali metal volatilization can greatly reduce oxygen vacancies and improve piezoelectric properties. MnO dopant can improve the anti-reduction properties. The KNNT−0.055BZ + 0.03Zr + yMn ceramics at y = 6–9 show outstanding anti-fatigue of unipolar piezoelectric strain under the synergistic effect of reduced oxygen vacancies due to reduced volatilization and increased grain size. Piezoelectric properties and temperature stability of KNNT−0.055BZ + 0.03Zr ceramics sintered in reducing atmosphere are improved simultaneously by MnO dopant. Optimum inverse piezoelectric coefficient (d 33 * ) of ceramics at y = 8 reaches up to 480 pm/V under low driving electric field E = 20 kV/cm at room temperature, and its temperature stability of d 33 * reaches 158 °C. It will be an excellent lead-free material candidate for the preparation of multilayer piezoelectric actuators co-fired with nickel electrode.

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“…The schematic diagram of interdigital electrodes is shown in Figure 1A. Therefore, problems happened in the preparation process of MLCCs will also appear in MLAs, such as the regulation of sintering atmosphere, sintering process design, and residual thermal stress 21,22 . Herein, taking the residual thermal stress after sintering as an example.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, problems happened in the preparation process of MLCCs will also appear in MLAs, such as the regulation of sintering atmosphere, sintering process design, and residual thermal stress. 21,22 Herein, taking the residual thermal stress after sintering as an example. The residual compressive stress in MLCCs is beneficial to improve the mechanical life and can slightly increase the relative dielectric constant.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

KNN‐based piezoelectric ceramic multilayer actuators with Ni internal electrodes

et al. 2023

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On the road of lead‐free piezoelectric ceramics into practical applications, the study of Ni‐internal‐electrode (K, Na)NbO3‐based (KNN‐based) multilayer actuators (MLAs) is an important part, possessing the advantages of environmentally friendly and low cost. The Ni‐internal‐electrode KNN‐based MLAs with different layer numbers and layer thicknesses were fabricated via the tape casting method and sintered in the reducing atmosphere. The piezoelectric layers consist of the main KNN‐based phase and a trace amount of second phase Mn4Nb2O9. The element diffusion between the Ni electrodes and KNN‐based grains is tiny, indicating that Ni is suitable for co‐firing with KNN‐based ceramics. After sintering, the compressive stress perpendicular to the thickness direction and the “relative tensile stress” parallel to the thickness direction are retained in the MLAs, bringing influences on the piezoelectric and dielectric properties of KNN‐based materials. Compared with the bulk ceramics, the prepared MLAs significantly reduce the driving voltages and increase the displacement outputs, which are more applicable to the scenarios of miniaturization and portability. Particularly, the 46‐layer actuator shows high displacements of 1580 and 2737 nm under the voltages of 100 and 200 V, respectively. However, the inverse piezoelectric coefficient d33* for each layer of MLAs is still lower than that of the bulk ceramics, indicating that the piezoelectric properties of the KNN‐based materials are suppressed. To give full play to the piezoelectric properties of KNN‐based materials, more attentions should be paid to the design of reasonable electrode structure and the development of internal electrode paste for MLAs.

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Potassium Sodium Niobate-Based Lead-Free Piezoelectric Multilayer Ceramics Co-Fired with Nickel Electrodes

Cited by 18 publications

References 90 publications

Advances in development of Pb-free piezoelectric materials for transducer applications

Advances in development of Pb-free piezoelectric materials for transducer applications

Simultaneously improving piezoelectric properties and temperature stability of Na0.5K0.5NbO3 (KNN)-based ceramics sintered in reducing atmosphere

KNN‐based piezoelectric ceramic multilayer actuators with Ni internal electrodes

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