Potassium supplementation reduces clinic and ambulatory blood pressure in elderly hypertensive patients

Fotherby,; Potter, JF

doi:10.1097/00004872-199211000-00013

Cited by 63 publications

(40 citation statements)

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“…Their findings would tend to support taking BP measurements over several days, rather than simply taking the same total number of Although three small studies of nonpharmacological therapy reported that the BP change measured by ABPM tended to be smaller than that detected by standard measurements, [20][21][22] we found no evidence of this in the DASH trial. Thus, we conclude that the standard deviation of BP change appears to be the key factor in determining relative sample size requirements and computing statistical power.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 57%

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Comparing office-based and ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in clinical trials

et al. 2004

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Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) is commonly used in clinical trials. Yet, its ability to detect blood pressure (BP) change in comparison to multiple officebased measurements has received limited attention. We recorded ambulatory and five daily pairs of random zero (RZ) BPs pre-and post-intervention on 321 adult participants in the multicentre Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension trial. Treatment effect estimates measured by ambulatory monitoring were similar to those measured by RZ and did not differ significantly for waking vs 24-h ambulatory measurements. For systolic BP, the standard deviations of change in mean 24-h ambulatory BP (8.0 mmHg among hypertensives and 6.0 mmHg among nonhypertensives) were comparable to or lower than the corresponding standard deviations of change in RZ-BP based on five daily readings (8.9 and 5.9 mmHg). The standard deviations of change for mean waking ambulatory BP (8.7 and 6.7 mmHg) were comparable to those obtained using three to four daily RZ readings. Results for diastolic BP were qualitatively similar. Ambulatory monitoring was more efficient (ie, a smaller sample size could detect a given BP change) than three to four sets of daily RZ readings and required fewer clinic visits. The average of 33 ambulatory BP readings during the waking hours had an efficiency comparable to that from the mean of four daily pairs of RZ-BPs. Participants readily accepted the ABPM devices, and their use requires less staff training. ABPM provides a useful alternative to RZ-BP measurements in clinical trials.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 57%

“…In three small studies of nonpharmacologic therapy, the effect size (BP change) measured by ABPM tended to be smaller than that detected by standard measurements. [20][21][22] In clinical trials, the ratio of BP change to its standard deviation is key in determining sample size requirements and computing statistical power.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing office-based and ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in clinical trials

et al. 2004

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“…A major inter-population study has shown a correlation between the average Na intake and the slope of blood pressure v. age, and a negative correlation between K intake and blood pressure levels (Intersalt Cooperative Research Group, 1988). Clinical studies in which manipulations of dietary Na and K have brought about changes in blood pressure in elderly subjects provide further evidence (Fotherby & Potter, 1992).…”

Section: Sodium and Potassiummentioning

confidence: 96%

Nutrition, ageing and ill health

1998

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There are physical, mental, social and environmental changes which take place with ageing; for example, decreased physical activity, increase in body fat, decrease in lean body mass and consequently decreased energy intake may be associated with physiological functions that affect metabolism, nutrient intake, physical activity and risk of disease. There are now many studies which have found that undernutrition is prevalent and often unrecognized in patients admitted to hospitals and institutions. There is also evidence which links protein-energy undernutrition or its markers with clinical outcomes in acute and non-acute hospital settings and that nutritional supplements can improve outcomes in some of these settings. However, most clinically-available nutrition screening instruments lack sensitivity and specificity, and abnormal nutritional indicators may simply reflect effects of age, functional disability, or severe underlying disease. Thus, causal relationship cannot be assumed without a sufficiently powerful intervention study which adequately adjusts for the effects of non-nutritional factors, such as the number and severity of co-morbid conditions on clinical outcome.

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“…It was noted that the UK Expert Vitamins and Minerals Group (EVM) established a guidance level for supplemental potassium of 3,700 mg/day and that a meta-analysis on supplemental potassium and blood pressure by Whelton et al (1997) indicated supplementation to be well tolerated in all the included studies. It was pointed out that the two studies (Siani et al, 1991;Fotherby and Potter, 1992), which reported no adverse effects of supplementation at doses of 1,900 mg/day and 2,340 mg/day, were not included in the draft opinion. It was also pointed out that a report from Food Supplements Europe proposed a maximum safe level of potassium as a food supplement of 1,500 mg/day in adults, with the caveat that the supplement should be consumed with meals in order to avoid adverse gastrointestinal effects (Richardson, 2014).…”

Section: Excessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Outcome of a public consultation on the Draft Scientific Opinion of the EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies (NDA) on Dietary Reference Values for potassium

2016

EFSA Supporting Publications

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The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) carried out a public consultation to receive input from the scientific community and all interested parties on the draft Scientific Opinion on Dietary Reference Values (DRVs) for potassium, prepared by the EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies (NDA Panel) and endorsed by the Panel for public consultation at its Plenary meeting on 29 June 2016. The written public consultation for this document was open from 13 July 2016 to 24 August 2016. EFSA received comments from two interested parties. EFSA and its NDA Panel wish to thank all stakeholders for their contributions. The current report summarises the outcome of the public consultation, and includes a brief summary of the comments received and how the comments were addressed. The NDA Panel prepared an updated version of the Scientific Opinion on DRVs for potassium taking into account the comments received.

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Potassium supplementation reduces clinic and ambulatory blood pressure in elderly hypertensive patients

Cited by 63 publications

References 0 publications

Comparing office-based and ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in clinical trials

Comparing office-based and ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in clinical trials

Nutrition, ageing and ill health

Outcome of a public consultation on the Draft Scientific Opinion of the EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies (NDA) on Dietary Reference Values for potassium

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