Potenciais evocados auditivos de tronco encefálico em fumantes

Abstract

Purpose: to perform a comparative study of brainstem evoked auditory potentials between smokers and non-smokers. Methods: the group studied was composed of 40 individuals, being 20 non-smokers and 20 smokers within the range of 20 to 59 years of age. All participants had to present responses to tonal thresholds within normal range and tympanometry type A, with the presence of ipsilateral and contralateral acoustic reflexes. Both groups underwent brain stem auditory evoked potential (BAEP). The parameters used to compare the two groups were the absolute latencies of waves I, III and V, the inter-latency waves I-III, IV and III-V in both ears, the difference between the IV inter-peak latency between the two ears and the inter--aural difference of wave V absolute latency between the two ears. Results: in our results, it was ascertained that the group of smokers showed latency I in the RE (p= 0.036), latency V in the RE (p= 0.007), latency V in the LE (p=0.014), inter-latency III-V in the RE (p=0.015) and LE (p= 0.016) significantly higher than the non-smokers. There was no significant difference in wave V latency between the two ears. Conclusion: the results of the study led to the conclusion that tobacco is a risk factor for the central auditory nervous system, interfering with latencies and with BAEP inter-wave latencies in the group of smokers when compared to the group of non-smokers. Keywords: Smoking; Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem; Hearing RESUMO Objetivo: comparar os resultados dos exames de potenciais evocados auditivos de tronco encefálico em indivíduos não tabagistas e tabagistas. Métodos: foram estudados 40 indivíduos, sendo 20 não tabagistas e 20 tabagistas, com idades entre 20 e 59 anos. Todos os participantes incluídos na pesquisa deveriam apresentar respostas de limiares tonais dentro dos padrões da normalidade e timpanometria tipo A com presença de reflexos acústicos contralaterais e ipsilaterais. Em ambos os grupos foram realizados os potenciais evocados auditivos de tronco encefálico (PEATE), por meio de cliques. Os parâmetros que foram utilizados na comparação dos dois grupos foram as latências absolutas das ondas I, III e V; as interlatências das ondas I-III, I-V e III-V em ambas as orelhas; a diferença da latência interpico I-V entre as duas orelhas e a diferença interaural da latência absoluta da onda V entre as duas orelhas. Resultados: os resultados encontrados mostraram que o grupo de tabagistas apresentou latência I da Orelha Direita (p=0,036), latência V da Orelha Direita (p=0,007), latência V da Orelha Esquerda (p=0,014), interlatência III-V da Orelha Direita (p=0,015) e Orelha Esquerda (p=0,016) significantemente maior que o grupo de não tabagistas. Não houve diferença significante na latência da onda V entre as duas orelhas. Conclusão: os resultados da pesquisa levaram à conclusão de que o tabaco é um fator de risco para o sistema nervoso auditivo central, que pode interferir nas latências e interlatências das ondas do PEATE no grupo de tabagistas quando comparado com...

Audição em fumantes: uma revisão

“…This article analyzes the scientific production concerning the effect of tobacco use in the peripheral auditory system and / or central nervous system; as various studies have hypothesized that cigarette smoking can cause hearing loss 1,[4][5][6][7][8][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] .…”

“…The literature review showed that all the publications found correspond to health and were published in magazines related to speech therapy 5,12,18 otolaryngology 4,13-15 diagnostics, 16 biomedicine, and medicine 17,19 . All articles had audiological diagnostics of smokers as a principal theme.…”

“…The audiometry tonal threshold is considered the gold standard for obtaining thresholds and audiometric configuration in adults. Therefore, this has been used in all the articles found; some used this for comparison of hearing thresholds of smokers and nonsmokers 4,5,[13][14][15][16][17]19 , and others only for application of the exclusion criteria, since individuals could not have thresholds above 25dBHL 12,18 . Only three studies used exclusively conventional tonal audiometry for hearing research 5,15,19 , and the others added other forms of evaluation.…”

“…Regarding the results of the tests, conventional audiometry was found, and in the majority of articles, tonal thresholds were within normal standards 4,[12][13][14]16,18 . Among these studies, some auditory thresholds in smokers were worse when compared to the thresholds of non-smokers, with a statistically significant difference 4,13,16 .…”

“…There was only one study that presented no significant differences regarding the auditory thresholds between groups 14 . The others did not compare hearing thresholds between groups 12,18 . Four study groups, among those selected, found altered auditory thresholds 5,15,17,19 and one of them found hearing loss only in the frequency of 8000 Hz 17 .…”