Potencial de produção de sementes de gramíneas para a implantação em gramados

Abstract

RESUMOOs gêneros Paspalum e Axonopus encontram-se entre as principais gramíneas de estação quente utilizadas para gramados. A propagação via sementes contribui para diminuir o custo de implantação, além de manter as características exatas do genótipo da planta mãe, por se tratar de espécies apomíticas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o potencial de produção de sementes de dezessete acessos de gramíneas das espécies Paspalum notatum, P. lepton, P. lividum e Axonopus parodii. O experimento foi conduzido no município de Capão do Leão, Rio Grande do Sul, em blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições. As variáveis avaliadas foram: número de inflorescências por área, número de flósculos por inflorescência e potencial de produção de sementes (PPS). Para mensurar o potencial de produção de sementes dos acessos propõe-se a equação: PPS = nº de flósculos por inflorescência x nº de inflorescências por m 2 . Houve efeito de ano, acesso e interação entre anos e acessos para número de inflorescências por área e potencial de produção de sementes. Para a variável número de flósculos por inflorescência, não houve efeito de ano. A produção potencial da safra 2013/2014 variou de 19152,00 a 135062,70 sementes m -², destacando-se o acesso PN 09 da espécie P. notatum e na safra 2014/2015 a produção potencial variou de 9973,75 a 81536,75 sementes m -², destacando-se o acesso PN 11 da espécie P. notatum. Os acessos PN 11, PN 09, PN 10 e AP 01 estiveram no terço superior no ranking de produtividade potencial nas duas safras, e a grama-batatais no terço inferior. Existe interação genótipo-ambiente para todas as características avaliadas. Entretanto, existem acessos que apresentam produção potencial de sementes consistentemente superior à testemunha grama-batatais, tendo maior potencial para a exploração na implantação de gramados por sementes. Palavras-chave: Paspalum notatum, P. lepton, P. lividum, Axonopus parodii, inflorescência, apomixia. ABSTRACT Potential of grass seed production for new lawnsThe Paspalum and Axonopus genera are among the main warm season grasses used for lawns. The seed propagation contributes to the decrease of the cost of establishment, besides maintaining the exact characteristics of the mother plant genotype, because they are apomictic species. The objective of this work was to evaluate the seed production potential of seventeen grass accesses of the species Paspalum notatum, P. lepton, P. lividum and Axonopus parodii. The experiment was conducted at Capão do Leão, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil, in a randomized block design, with four replications. The evaluated variables were: number of inflorescences per area, number of florets per inflorescence and seed production potential (SPP). In order to measure the seed production potential of the accesses, the equation proposed is: SPP = number of florets per inflorescence x number of inflorescences per m 2 . There were year, access and interaction between years and accesses effect for the traits number of inflorescences per area and seed production potential...

Development of Paspalum accession plugs for turfgrass establishment

“…The varieties of turf, that present rhizomatous growth, have a great capacity of regeneration, especially regarding the injuries caused by excessive traffic. It is caused due to the rhizome's location under the ground surface, being protected from direct mechanical damage (Martello et al, 2014). The PL 01 accession also presented greater height (H equal to 24.87 cm) when compared to the PN 01, PN 02, PN 03, PN 04, PN 05 and ZJ 01 group (11.00 to 14.50 cm) ( Figure 3C).…”

“…In an area with sandy soil, high temperatures and low precipitations, Castro et al (2015a) found 100% of survival rates for PN 01, PN 02, PN 03, PN 04 and PN 05 accessions, using vegetative propagation methods such as plugs (a piece of sod with roots and soil). It is also essential for their establishment after the process of commercialization and period of transportation (Martello et al, 2014).…”

“…Turfgrass has been used by humans to enhance their environment for over 10 centuries (Dhanasekaran, 2018). Grass presents great ecological importance and it has been used to prevent erosion, since its roots, stolons and rhizomes intertwine to form a continuous ground cover, which acts to restore degraded soils (Maximino et al, 2017). Besides, its use in landscaping brings also some advantages such as beauty.…”

“…However, the selection of a genotype for lawn-use has consider the survival of the propagating material and its ability to soil cover (Martello et al, 2014), which is directly influenced by the plant architecture, the position of its shoots and nutrient storage. In the Poaceae family, the type of branches, stolons and rhizomes, influence the growing direction of the stems in relation to the soil, which allows many species to adapt to different environments (Fabbri et al, 2019).…”

Sanitary quality of seed of Paspalum species

“…The Paspalum L. genera are among the main warm season grasses used for lawns. The seed propagation contributes to the decrease of the cost of establishment, besides maintaining the exact characteristics of the mother plant genotype, because they are apomictic species (Maximino et al, 2017). Paspalum notatum has been widely used in lawns in urban areas because of its resistance to trampling, drought, heat and high rate of establishment (Trenholm et al, 2001).…”