Potency of Avicennia marina (Forssk.) vierh and Bruguiera gymnorrhiza L (Lam) mangrove extracts as natural batik dye

Abstract

Mangroves have many environmental, ecological, economic, health and industrial benefits. One of the applications of mangroves in industry is as a natural dye for textile materials. The aim of the study was to determine the potential application of mangrove extract as a natural dye for batik, to determine the pigment content of the test sample, and to test the fastness of natural color made from leaves and bark of Avicennia marina and Bruguier gymnorrhiza, at plant ages of 5 and 10 years. Sample collection was done by picking leaves and collecting the bark of Avicennia marina and Bruguier gymnorrhiza. Color fastness to detergent washing test, wet and dry rubbing test were carried out with a crockmeter, using the Staining Scale and Gray Scale standards. UV Vis Spectrophotometry Analysis was employed to determine the pigment content. The results showed that leaf and bark extracts of Avicennia marina and Bruguiera gymnorrhiza mangroves have the potential to be applied as natural dyes for batik. Mangrove natural dyes showed scores of 3, 4, and 5 on the fastness tests of dry rubbing, wet rubbing and detergent washing. These findings indicate that the natural dyes in this study have met the Indonesian National Standard, which requires a minimum score of 3.