Potent synergistic combination of rosuvastatin and levofloxacin against Staphylococcus aureus : in vitro and in vivo study

Abstract

Aims The present study aims to evaluate the capability of rosuvastatin to synergize with levofloxacin against Staphylococcus aureus. Methods and Results Rosuvastatin inhibited the growth of S. aureus with minimum inhibitory concentration of 16 μg ml−1. Additionally, it showed a bactericidal effect at 4x minimum inhibition concentration. Using a checkerboard method, a synergistic effect was recorded when rosuvastatin was combined with levofloxacin showing against S. aureus isolate 28 (S 28). Furthermore, this combination was also able to display a significant reduction in biofilm formation (92·8%) and suppress the production of coagulase and β‐haemolysin, and virulence factors of S. aureus isolate 28. An animal model for wound infection was used to assess the therapeutic effect of the test combination, in vivo. It was found that the test combination reduced the bacterial burden in the infected wounds by 91·3%. Pathological and histological analyses have revealed a decline in cell infiltration in the excisional wound skin tissue after treatment with rosuvastatin and levofloxacin combination. Conclusions Rosuvastatin combined with levofloxacin can be considered as a promising solution to combat S. aureus antibiotic resistance phenomenon. Significance and Impact of the Study This study unveils the potential effect of rosuvastatin when used in combination with levofloxacin can be used as a topical antibacterial agent to treat S. aureus skin infections.

Antibacterial, antibiofilm, and anti-quorum sensing activities of pyocyanin against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: in vitro and in vivo study

“…Rats were randomly divided into two groups ( n = 6); group 1 was injected with vehicle (PBS) only, while group 2 received PCN dissolved in the vehicle at a concentration of 40 μg/ml. The procedures were established as previously performed by [ 40 , 41 ], and the rats were permitted to correct the environment before starting the experiments. Each rat was individually maintained in a ventilated cage with 12 h of light and 12 h of darkness at room temperature and unrestricted contact with food and water.…”

One Molecule, Many Faces: Repositioning Cardiovascular Agents for Advanced Wound Healing

“…Statins may also exhibit direct antibacterial activity. The study of Abdelaziz et al [ 116 ] demonstrated that combining rosuvastatin with levofloxacin resulted in a synergistic antibacterial effect against S. aureus , showcasing promising potential in combating antibiotic resistance. A study conducted by Thangamani et al [ 117 ] highlights the broad-spectrum antibacterial effectiveness of simvastatin against both Gram-positive, including MRSA, and Gram-negative pathogens.…”

Repositioning of HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors as Adjuvants in the Modulation of Efflux Pump-Mediated Bacterial and Tumor Resistance

“…Statins were subjected to clinical trials based on their suspected in vivo effectivity in TB patients, and The inhibition of quorum sensing by statins has reduced virulence and biofilm formation in various bacterial species, including P. aeruginosa and S. aureus [95]. The biofilm formation capacity of S. aureus was inhibited by rosuvastatin in combination with levofloxacin in topical formulations for wound infections caused by resistant bacterial strains [103,104].…”