Potential Applications of Oil Sands Industry Wastes

Majid, Azlan A.; Kotlyar, L.S.; Sparks, B.D.

doi:10.2118/96-106

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…The oil sands industry generates approximately 5000 m 3 of waste material per 1000 m 3 of synthetic crude oil daily; 2500 m 3 of this waste material is associated with fluid fine tailings and mature fine tailings (MFT) (Majid and Sparks, 1999). Approximately 750 million m 3 of MFT has accumulated in tailings ponds in the Alberta oil sands region (Smith, 2011).…”

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Dry Mature Fine Tailings as Oil Sands Reclamation Substrates for Three Native Grasses

Wolter¹,

Naeth

2014

J. Environ. Qual.

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Mature fine tailings (MFT) are a by-product of oil sands mining that must be reclaimed through capping or use as a reclamation substrate. Some chemical and physical properties of MFT make it inhospitable for plant growth, such as high concentrations of sodium, sulfate, chloride, and hydrocarbons. A greenhouse study assessed whether substrates of various mixes of dry MFT, overburden sand, and peat mineral soil mix (PMM) and caps of forest floor organic material (LFH) and PMM would support the emergence and growth of three native grass species commonly used in land reclamation. Select vegetation properties were monitored for 16 wk in the greenhouse; select chemical and physical substrate properties were determined in the laboratory. was more tolerant of dry MFT than and . Mean aboveground and belowground biomass were more than twice as high on substrates with <60% MFT than on 100% MFT. Aboveground biomass was two to four times greater with capping than without and 30% greater on LFH than PMM caps. Cover and density followed similar trends. Belowground biomass on capped substrates was at least double that on uncapped substrates. Aboveground biomass was almost doubled with the use of fertilizer. High concentrations of hydrocarbons and exchangeable ions were associated with reduced plant growth and health. Results from this study show that capping, amendments, and fertilizer may improve the reclamation potential of dry MFT.

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confidence: 99%

Dry Mature Fine Tailings as Oil Sands Reclamation Substrates for Three Native Grasses

Wolter¹,

Naeth

2014

J. Environ. Qual.

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“…© 2021 The Authors. Journal of Environmental Quality © 2021 American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, and Soil Science Society of America materials, such as water, sand, clay, petroleum coke, tailings, and/or residual bitumen (Majid & Sparks, 1999). Petroleum coke is a high-carbon-content solid produced during hydrocarbon processing and is a byproduct of bitumen upgrading to synthetic crude oil; it is increasing by 6 million m 3 d −1 (Small, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Surface mining has damaged ecosystems around the world during the past century (Dhar et al., 2018) and produced large quantities of waste materials. Oil sands mining and bitumen extraction in Canada generate thousands of cubic meters of waste materials, such as water, sand, clay, petroleum coke, tailings, and/or residual bitumen (Majid & Sparks, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response of three native grass species on dry tailings reclamation substrate amended with petroleum coke

2021

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Surface mining around the world has produced large quantities of waste materials with ecological impacts. Oil sands mining in Canada generates large volumes of petroleum coke and tailings every year, which are stockpiled in the mining areas and must be reclaimed through capping or used in reclamation substrates. A greenhouse study was conducted to determine whether substrates of various mixes of dry tailings (DT), tailings sand (TS), and peat mineral mix (PMM) with coke amendment would support emergence and growth of three grass species commonly used in land reclamation. After 16 wk in the greenhouse, plant performance varied with substrate and amendment. Treatment with DT/TS/PMM (50:25:25) with 40% coke had greatest cover, biomass, and density and the best plant health. Plant growth was inhibited in treatments with DT (100%) and coke (100%) due to high concentrations of hydrocarbons, undesirable exchangeable ions, and salinity that restricted soil water retention (gravimetric water content, hydraulic conductivity) relative to treatments with PMM. Agrostis scabra Willd. and Festuca saximontana. showed poor growth or did not survive on DT and DT/TS with coke. Elymus trachycaulus (Link) Gould ex Shinners performed better in all DT mixes and performed the best in DT/TS/PMM with 40% coke. Results from this study indicate that mixing with PMM could improve the reclamation potential of DT and coke. How to cite this article: Luna Wolter GL, Dhar A, Naeth MA. Response of three native grass species on dry tailings reclamation substrate amended with petroleum coke.

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“…The increasing worldwide demand in crude oil leads to a steady increase in the amount of waste byproducts generated by the petroleum industry including coke, fly ash, and water tailings (Allen 2008a, b;Majid and Kotlyar 1999;Malekshahian and Hill 2011). Petroleum coke (PC) is generated in large quantities during the oil refinery process when the ratio of H:C has to be upgraded (Speight 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The PC-treated OSPW required less ozone doses to remove the remaining organics, and the resulted water was more biodegradable ). Majid and Kotlyar (1999) showed that PC reduced the concentration of total dissolved carbon from 300-600 to \50 mg/ L during the removal of free phase bitumen from wastewater by agglomeration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of petroleum coke characteristics on the adsorption of the organic fractions from oil sands process-affected water

Pourrezaei

Alpatová

Chelme-Ayala

et al. 2013

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Petroleum coke (PC) is a waste by-product generated during the oil upgrading processes by the petroleum industry. The continuing accumulation of large quantities of PC requires the development of innovative strategies for the effective utilization of this carbon-rich material. In this study, PC was used for the removal of naphthenic acids (NAs) and acid-extractable fraction (AEF) from oil sands process-affected water (OSPW), generated during the oil refining process. A systematic study on the adsorption of organic fractions, vanadium leaching from PC, adsorption mechanisms, and the effect of physico-chemical characteristics of the PC on adsorption process was performed. Physico-chemical properties of PC were determined by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy, and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area analysis. AEF and NAs removals of 60 and 75 %, respectively, were achieved at PC dose of 200 g/L after 16 h of contact. FT-IR and TGA analysis of PC suggested the physisorption of organic compounds onto the surface of PC. The calculated mean free energy of adsorption (E \ 8 kJ/mol) also indicated the physisorption of organics to the PC surface. The hydrophobic interactions between the NAs and the PC were suggested as the dominant adsorption mechanisms. The vanadium release occurred when PC was mixed with OSPW and vanadium concentration increased with an increase in the PC dose. Speciation analysis indicated that the vanadium leached was predominantly vanadium (V) and insignificant amount of vanadium (IV) was also detected.

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Potential Applications of Oil Sands Industry Wastes

Abstract: Potential applications of oil sands industry wastesMajid, A.; Kotlyar, L.; Sparks, B. D.

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Dry Mature Fine Tailings as Oil Sands Reclamation Substrates for Three Native Grasses

Dry Mature Fine Tailings as Oil Sands Reclamation Substrates for Three Native Grasses

Response of three native grass species on dry tailings reclamation substrate amended with petroleum coke

Impact of petroleum coke characteristics on the adsorption of the organic fractions from oil sands process-affected water

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