Potential artifacts in the determination of metal partitioning in sediments by a sequential extraction procedure

Rapin, F.; Tessier, André; Campbell, Peter G. C.; Carignan, Richard

doi:10.1021/es00150a014

Cited by 330 publications

(177 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Fe(III) ions are known to act as oxidizing agents for metal sulfides at circumneutral and acidic conditions [37] and Fe(III) is assumed to be the main oxidizing agent responsible for FeS oxidation in the absence of MnO 2 [39]. It has also been demonstrated that Fe(III) ions are more efficient oxidizers of metal sulfides than oxygen [40,41]. Sand et al [37] proposed the following reaction scheme for oxidation of metal sulfides Rapin et al [40] applied a sequential extraction method, which included the extraction of a "Fe and Mn oxide fraction" for sediment samples and performed AVS analysis for every step.…”

Section: Possible Fe-involving Reactions During the Extraction Step Omentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has also been demonstrated that Fe(III) ions are more efficient oxidizers of metal sulfides than oxygen [40,41]. Sand et al [37] proposed the following reaction scheme for oxidation of metal sulfides Rapin et al [40] applied a sequential extraction method, which included the extraction of a "Fe and Mn oxide fraction" for sediment samples and performed AVS analysis for every step.…”

Section: Possible Fe-involving Reactions During the Extraction Step Omentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sulfur K-edge XANES and acid volatile sulfide analyses of changes in chemical speciation of S and Fe during sequential extraction of trace metals in anoxic sludge from biogas reactors

Yekta

Gustavsson

Svensson

et al. 2012

Talanta

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The effect of sequential extraction of trace metals on sulfur (S) speciation in anoxic sludge samples from two lab-scale biogas reactors augmented with Fe was investigated. Analyses of sulfur K-edge X-ray absorption near edge structure (S XANES) spectroscopy and acid volatile sulfide (AVS) were conducted on the residues from each step of the sequential extraction. The S speciation in sludge samples after AVS analysis was also determined by S XANES. Sulfur was mainly present as FeS (~60% of total S) and reduced organic S (~30% of total S), such as organic sulfide and thiol groups, in the anoxic solid phase. Sulfur XANES and AVS analyses showed that during first step of the extraction procedure (the removal of exchangeable cations), a part of the FeS fraction corresponding to 20% of total S was transformed to zero-valent S, whereas Fe was not released into the solution during this transformation. After the last extraction step (organic/sulfide fraction) a secondary Fe phase was formed. The change in chemical speciation of S and Fe occurring during sequential extraction procedure suggests indirect effects on trace metals associated to the FeS fraction 2 that may lead to incorrect results. Furthermore, by S XANES it was verified that the AVS analysis effectively removed the FeS fraction. The present results identified critical limitations for the application of sequential extraction for trace metal speciation analysis outside the framework for which the methods were developed.

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Section: Possible Fe-involving Reactions During the Extraction Step Omentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Possible Fe-involving Reactions During the Extraction Step Omentioning

confidence: 99%

Sulfur K-edge XANES and acid volatile sulfide analyses of changes in chemical speciation of S and Fe during sequential extraction of trace metals in anoxic sludge from biogas reactors

Yekta

Gustavsson

Svensson

et al. 2012

Talanta

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“…While in fraction B3, the ratio is almost 116-230% for all these elements. Rapin et al (1986) studied the influence of air-drying on heavy metals' speciation in sediment samples, and Shuman (1980) and Barlett and James (1980) pointed out that air-drying the soils caused increased extractable Mn and Fe. The reasons for the fractionation change are mainly focused on the chemical change of Fe, Mn, S and OM due to the oxidation of soil material occurred during the air-drying process.…”

Section: Speciation Difference Between Air-dried and Wet Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison between fractionation and bioavailability of trace elements in rhizosphere and bulk soils

2002

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Rhizosphere is a microbiosphere and has quite different chemical, physical and biological properties from bulk soils. A greenhouse experiment was performed to compare the difference of fractionation and bioavailability of trace elements Cr, Ni, Zn, Cu, Pb and Cd between rhizosphere soil and bulk soil. In the meantime, the influence of air-drying on the fractionation and bioavailability was also investigated by using wet soil sample as a control. Soils in a homemade rhizobox were divided into four zones: rhizosphere, near rhizosphere, near bulk soil and bulk soil zones, which was designated as S 1 , S 2 , S 3 and S 4 . Elemental speciations were fractionated to water soluble, exchangeable and carbonate bound (B1), Fe-Mn oxide bound (B2), and organic and sulfide bound (B3) by a sequential extraction procedure. Speciation differences were observed for elements Cr, Ni, Zn, Cu, Pb and Cd between the rhizosphere and bulk soils, and between the air-dried and wet soils as well. The concentrations of all six heavy metals in fraction B1 followed the order of S 2 > S 3 > S 1 > S 4 and for B2, the order was S 2 > S 3 % S 4 > S 1 . For B3, the order was S 1 > S 3 % S 4 > S 2 , while for Cd the order was S 2 > S 3 % S 4 > S 1 . The air-drying increased elemental concentration in fractions B1 and B2 by 20-50% and decreased in fraction B3 by about 20-100%. Correlation analysis also indicated that the bioavailability correlation coefficient of fraction B1 in rhizosphere wet soil to plants was better than that between either air-dried or nonrhizosphere soils. Therefore, application of rhizosphere wet soils should be recommended in the future study on the speciation analysis of trace elements in soils and bioavailability. Ó

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“…It has been reported that sample drying could alter the solid phase distribution of trace elements (Rapin et al, 1986;Hjorth, 2004). Furthermore, the elemental concentrations in sediments are highly dependent on the grain size (Horowitz and Elrick, 1988;Howari and Banat, 2001); a triturating treatment could potentially alter the extractability of elements (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concentration and fractionation of trace metals in surface sediments of intertidal Bohai Bay, China

Gao

2012

Marine Pollution Bulletin

149

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Potential artifacts in the determination of metal partitioning in sediments by a sequential extraction procedure

Cited by 330 publications

References 6 publications

Sulfur K-edge XANES and acid volatile sulfide analyses of changes in chemical speciation of S and Fe during sequential extraction of trace metals in anoxic sludge from biogas reactors

Sulfur K-edge XANES and acid volatile sulfide analyses of changes in chemical speciation of S and Fe during sequential extraction of trace metals in anoxic sludge from biogas reactors

Comparison between fractionation and bioavailability of trace elements in rhizosphere and bulk soils

Concentration and fractionation of trace metals in surface sediments of intertidal Bohai Bay, China

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