Potential Biomass Resources for Cellulosic Ethanol Production in Brazil: Availability, Feedstock Analysis, Feedstock Composition, and Conversion Yields

Brazilian biorefineries from second generation biomass: critical insights from industry and future perspectives

“…Brazilian Eucalyptus ( E. grandis , E. citriodora , E. camaldulensis , and others) are planted mainly for paper and pulp industry, but also for charcoal, wood products, energy production, oils, tannin extraction, and wind and fire breaks 46 . It is harvested in rotation periods of about 7 years, with a productivity of approximately 45 m 3 per hectare per year 15 …”

“…The cellulose and hemicellulose content in wood biomass will depend on the wood species and is classified into two major categories: softwoods (gymnosperms, e.g., Pinus ) with cellulose 40–45%, hemicellulose 25–30%, and lignin 25–30%, and hardwoods (angiosperms and dicotyledoneous, ex. Eucalyptus ) with higher hemicellulose and lower lignin content (cellulose 40–45%, hemicellulose 30–35%, and lignin 20–25%) 15 …”

“…It represents almost 85% of the total by‐products from the beer industry. Because it consists of cellulose (16–25%), hemicellulose (25–30%), protein (15–24%), and lignin (11–28%), it can be an excellent feedstock in Brazilian biorefineries for biofuels and chemicals production, as the country is the third largest beer producer in the world 13,15 . Attempts in this direction would be useful and could add value to bioprocesses, reduce financial expenditure, and add value to what is currently considered as low‐value byproduct 91 …”