Potential effects of aerobic exercise on the expression of perilipin 3 in the adipose tissue of women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a pilot study

Abstract

Objective Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is associated with reduced adipose tissue lipolysis that can be rescued by aerobic exercise. We aimed to identify differences in gene expression of perilipins and associated targets in adipose tissue in women with PCOS before and after exercise. Design and Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study in 8 women with PCOS and 8 women matched for BMI and age with normal cycles. Women with PCOS also completed a 16-week prospective aerobic exercise-training study. Abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue biopsies were collected, and primary adipose-derived stromal/stem cell cultures were established from women with PCOS before 16 weeks of aerobic exercise training (n=5) and controls (n=5). Gene expression was measured using real time PCR, in vitro lipolysis was measured using radiolabeled oleate, and PLIN3 protein content was measured by western blotting. Results The expression of PLIN1, PLIN3, and PLIN5, along with coatomers ARF1, ARFRP1, and βCOP were ~80% lower in women with PCOS (all p<0.05). Following exercise training, PLIN3 was the only perilipin to increase significantly (p<0.05), along with coatomers ARF1, ARFRP1, βCOP, and Sec23a (all p<0.05). Furthermore, PLIN3 protein expression was undetectable in the cell cultures from women with PCOS vs. controls. Following exercise training, in vitro adipose oleate oxidation, glycerol secretion, and PLIN3 protein expression were increased, along with reductions in triglyceride content and absence of large lipid droplet morphology. Conclusions These findings suggest that PLIN3 and coatomer GTPases are important regulators of lipolysis and triglyceride storage in the adipose tissue of women with PCOS.

TMT Based Proteomic Analysis of Human Follicular Fluid From Overweight/Obese and Normal-Weight Patients With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

“…These results highlighted the alterations of basal lamina matrix composition as a new perspective for understanding the etiology of PCOS. ADP-ribosylation factor 1 and protein transport protein Sec23A were elevated in the adipose tissue of PCOS women after aerobic exercise, indicating the roles of coatomer GTPases in lipolysis and triglyceride storage in the adipose tissue of PCOS (53). Lower levels of adiponectin in PCOS patients have been reported by earlier studies and may be regarded as novel biomarkers of PCOS (54,55).…”

Exercise Interventions in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

“…In addition, a study comparing a 10-weeks intervention of either resistance training ( n = 8) or high intensity interval training ( n = 8) to a control group ( n = 9), reported the largest decrease in FAI in the strength training group, with a decrease of −0.7% from baseline values (Almenning et al, 2015 ). Although resistance training shows promising results, reductions in FAI have also been reported after aerobic exercise (Randeva et al, 2002 ; Giallauria et al, 2008 ; Covington et al, 2015 ). Further research is required to determine the effective modality, dose and intensity of exercise for improvements in hyperandrogenism.…”

Insulin resistance enhances the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway in ovarian granulosa cells

“…Female patients with Cushing's syndrome usually manifest gonadal dysfunction, menstrual disorders and secondary amenorrhea, as well as acne, hirsutism and even virilization [ 2 , 11 – 13 ]. PCOS is a common endocrine disorder of reproductive-aged women [ 14 , 15 ] exhibiting main clinical features of menstrual disorder, hyperandrogenism and polycystic ovary [ 16 – 19 ].…”