Potential effects of global climate change on National Fish Hatchery operations in the Pacific Northwest, USA

Hanson, Kyle C.; Ostrand, Kenneth G.

doi:10.3354/aei00018

Cited by 9 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…gov/r10earth/temperature.htm, accessed 21 April 2011). Furthermore, climate changes along with warming temperature trends in the Pacific Northwest are predicted (Mote and Salathé 2010) and will likely increase challenges for hatchery operations (Hanson and Ostrand 2011), in particular fish health management. Hatcheries will need to account for climate change when determining optimum rearing densities.…”

Section: Brood Yearmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Evaluation of Rearing Densities to Improve Growth and Survival of Hatchery Spring Chinook Salmon

Olson

Paiya

2013

Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management

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We evaluated growth and survival of spring Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha reared at varying densities at Warm Springs National Fish Hatchery, Oregon. For three consecutive brood years, density treatments consisted of low, medium, and high groups in 57.8-m3 raceways with approximately 16,000, 24,000, and 32,000 fish/raceway, respectively. Fish were volitionally released in both the autumn and spring to mimic the downstream migration timing of the endemic wild spring Chinook salmon stock. Just prior to the autumn release, the rearing density estimate was 4.24 kg/m3 for the low-density group, 6.27 kg/m3 for the medium-density group, and 8.42 kg/m3 for the high-density group. While weight gain did not differ among density treatments (P = 0.72), significant differences were found in median fork length (P < 0.001) for fish reared at different densities. Fish reared at high density exhibited the highest on-hatchery mortality rate during two brood years; however, differences in mortality rate among densities were not significant (P = 0.20). In one brood year, adult recovery rates appeared to support the hypothesis that lower initial densities improved postrelease survival (P < 0.01). All rearing densities utilized in this evaluation were relatively low and may partially explain why more differences were not readily apparent among density groups. In addition, the volitional release was a confounding factor in our study because we were unable to quantify the number of fish released in the autumn.

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Section: Brood Yearmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Evaluation of Rearing Densities to Improve Growth and Survival of Hatchery Spring Chinook Salmon

Olson

Paiya

2013

Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management

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“…Finally, alterations in seasonal temperature profiles in rivers or streams used as the water supplies for fish hatcheries might increase demands for water temperature control in order to meet the requirements of the early developmental stages (Hanson & Ostrand, 2011). If insufficient attention is given to water temperature management or in the event of technological errors, the probability of occurrence of suboptimal temperature conditions will rise.…”

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confidence: 99%

How do suboptimal temperatures affect polyploid sterlet Acipenser ruthenus during early development?

Hubálek

Kašpar

Tichopád

et al. 2022

Journal of Fish Biology

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Sturgeons are ancient fish exhibiting unique genome plasticity and a high tendency to produce spontaneously autopolyploid genome states. The temperature profiles of the rivers in which sturgeon live and reproduce have been severely altered by human intervention, and the effect of global warming is expected to cause further temperature shifts, which may be detrimental for early developmental stages with narrow windows of thermal tolerance. The comparison of the performance of diploid and autopolyploid sturgeon kept at unfavourable temperatures contributes to scientific knowledge of the effects of polyploid genome states on organisms and can shed light on the ability of polyploids to cope with human‐induced alterations to natural conditions. Using the sterlet Acipenser ruthenus as a model species, we carried out conventional artificial fertilization, as well as the induction of the second polar body retention (SPBR), of the first mitotic division suppression (FMDS) and of the second polar body retention followed by the first mitotic division suppression (SPBR+FMDS). Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of polyploidy on two basic performance parameters, survival and growth. In Experiment 1, fish belonging to untreated, SPBR‐, FMDS‐ and SPBR+FMDS‐induced groups were kept at 10, 16 and 20°C from the neurula stage until the end of endogenous feeding. In Experiment 2, larvae from the untreated and SPBR‐induced groups were reared at 10, 16 and 20°C after their endogenous feeding transition for 3 weeks. Based on our findings, we report that the embryos, prelarvae and larvae of triploid A. ruthenus do not differ from diploids in their ability to survive, grow and develop under suboptimal temperature conditions, while the survival of tetraploids was significantly reduced even at the optimal temperature and even more so at temperatures far from the optimum. This was also the case in the 2n/4n mosaics observed in FMDS‐induced group. Thus, we assume that in tetraploid and 2n/4n individuals, the limits of thermal tolerance are closer to the optimum than in diploids. We also conclude that the hexaploid genome state is probably lethal in A. ruthenus since none of the hexaploids or 3n/6n mosaics arising from the SPBR+FMDS induction survived the prelarval period.

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Modeling the Potential Impacts of Climate Change on Pacific Salmon Culture Programs: An Example at Winthrop National Fish Hatchery

Hanson

Peterson

2014

Environmental Management

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Hatcheries have long been used in an attempt to mitigate for declines in wild stocks of Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.), though the conservation benefit of hatcheries is a topic of ongoing debate. Irrespective of conservation benefits, a fundamental question is whether hatcheries will be able to function as they have in the past given anticipated future climate conditions. To begin to answer this question, we developed a deterministic modeling framework to evaluate how climate change may affect hatcheries that rear Pacific salmon. The framework considers the physiological tolerances for each species, incorporates a temperature-driven growth model, and uses two metrics commonly monitored by hatchery managers to determine the impacts of changes in water temperature and availability on hatchery rearing conditions. As a case study, we applied the model to the US Fish and Wildlife Service's Winthrop National Fish Hatchery. We projected that hatchery environmental conditions remained within the general physiological tolerances for Chinook salmon in the 2040s (assuming A1B greenhouse gas emissions scenario), but that warmer water temperatures in summer accelerated juvenile salmon growth. Increased growth during summer coincided with periods when water availability should also be lower, thus increasing the likelihood of physiological stress in juvenile salmon. The identification of these climate sensitivities led to a consideration of potential mitigation strategies such as chilling water, altering rations, or modifying rearing cycles. The framework can be refined with new information, but in its present form, it provides a consistent, repeatable method to assess the vulnerability of hatcheries to predicted climate change.

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Potential effects of global climate change on National Fish Hatchery operations in the Pacific Northwest, USA

Cited by 9 publications

References 77 publications

An Evaluation of Rearing Densities to Improve Growth and Survival of Hatchery Spring Chinook Salmon

An Evaluation of Rearing Densities to Improve Growth and Survival of Hatchery Spring Chinook Salmon

How do suboptimal temperatures affect polyploid sterlet Acipenser ruthenus during early development?

Modeling the Potential Impacts of Climate Change on Pacific Salmon Culture Programs: An Example at Winthrop National Fish Hatchery

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