Potential for power generation from ocean wave renewable energy source: a comprehensive review on state‐of‐the‐art technology and future prospects

Abstract

This study presents a comprehensive review of the ocean wave technology and prospects of the wave energy penetration to cater to clean global energy demand. An ocean wave is a remarkable energy resource, but it presents a very small share in the global energy mix because of various challenges and limitations encountered to unleash its potential. This study evaluates intensively the complex barriers to the ocean energy technology deployment. The existing and prospective major wave energy projects are extensively examined to identify the learned lessons and optimise possible technological solutions to close the gap in the energy market. Furthermore, limiting and motivating factors to foster the global wave energy potential growth are deeply discussed to ignite new research directions and promising solutions. In particular, the wave energy converters as the underpinning enabling technology are fully investigated regarding their technical readiness, reliability, competitiveness and critical challenges. To complete the power equation, possible energy conversion stages, grid connection and integration issues are dealt with in a broad view of the wave energy power system. Eventually, this study aims at providing an updated ocean wave technology review and progress while introducing new research gap to fast-track contributions in the global energy mix.

Estimating the impact of ocean wave energy on power system reliability with a well‐being approach

“…Although the most accurate, frequency methods are often complex which make it desirable to use approximation methods instead. One way to approximate this process is to use Morison hydrodynamics to represent the excitation force as F e = Aη + Bη + kη (7) where the terms A and B are frequency dependent, device-specific constants, and η, η are the acceleration and velocity of the wave height time series η, respectively. The next step in developing the wave power model is to define the power that is being extracted from the physical interactions, i.e.…”

“…Such as dynamic modelling, load flow analysis, voltage stability, and rotor angle stability to name a few. More recently in 2019, however, researchers in [7] have completed an extensive investigation to the current limiting factors of the wave energy technology. They suggest that, although the technology is not currently cost competitive, advances in design and relaxation of grid codes would change this.…”

A Stator-PM Transverse Flux Permanent Magnet Linear Generator for Direct Drive Wave Energy Converter

“…Wave energy is converted into electricity by using various power take-off (PTO) technologies, of which direct drive wave energy converter (DD-WEC) has simpler configuration, higher efficiency and better development prospect [1][2][3][4][5][6].…”

Decoupling control of a dual‐stator linear and rotary permanent magnet generator for offshore joint wind and wave energy conversion system

“…1. Since the wind and wave are concentrated forms of energy and has much more available power than ocean thermal, salinity and solar energy per square metre, the offshore wind and wave energy are growing rapidly [1][2][3]. Based on the survey statics, the wave energy potential in Europe has been estimated to be 120-190 TWh/y offshore and with an additional near shore potential of ∼40 TWh/y [4].…”